Determination of Magnesium in whole Blood and Serum of Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD) Patients by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abdulsahib, Hassan T.

doi:10.4236/ajac.2011.28117

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…These apparently contradictory results reflect the different whole blood:serum ratios in humans (ca. 2; [ 40 ]) and cattle (0.79; as described in Section 3.1 ). Moreover, Mg concentrations are known to be higher in whole blood than in plasma/serum in other veterinary/livestock species such as sheep, goats and horses [ 41 ]; in these species, haemolysis could lead to the overestimation of Mg in haemolyzed samples, reinforcing the idea that the extrapolation of the results obtained in humans or other species can lead to wrong interpretations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Haemolysis on the Mineral Profile of Cattle Serum

Larrán

Miranda

Herrero-Latorre

et al. 2021

Animals

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Haemolysis of serum samples is the leading cause of preanalytical errors in clinical laboratories. Little is known about the potential alterations in the concentrations of mineral elements in haemolyzed serum and the phenomenon has not been specifically studied in bovine serum samples. We investigate how haemolysis affects the mineral content of bovine samples. We used ICP-MS to measure the concentrations of 12 mineral elements (Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Se and Zn) in bovine whole blood, serum and gradually haemolyzed samples and observed significant differences between the different types of samples, particularly in the Fe and Zn concentrations. However, in practice, the high interindividual variability makes it difficult to establish whether a given value corresponds to normal or haemolyzed samples. In response to this problem, we propose to consider that a result is significantly biased when the haemolysis threshold (the degree of haemolysis above which the concentration of an element in serum is significantly altered) of a given element is surpassed. The haemolysis threshold values for the different elements considered were found as follows: 0.015 g Hb L−1 for Fe, 2 g for Zn, 4 g for Cr and 8 g for Ca, Se and Mo.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Haemolysis on the Mineral Profile of Cattle Serum

Larrán

Miranda

Herrero-Latorre

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Few studies have reported the quantification of specific metals in whole blood and serum samples of ischemic heart disease 9 – 12 . However, these studies did not involve any clinical correlation with metal concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding of metals dysregulation in patients with systolic and diastolic dysfunction in ischemic heart disease

Khan

Hashmi

Siddiqui

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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ischemic heart disease (iHD) is the leading cause of death and chronic disability in the world. iHD affects both the systolic and diastolic function of the heart which progressively leads to heart failure; a structural and functional impairment of filling or ejection of blood from the heart. In this study, the progression of systolic and diastolic dysfunction characterized according to their echocardiographic parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), grades of diastolic dysfunction and ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (E/eʹ), were correlated with differential regulation of various metals in patients sera samples (n = 62) using inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Chromium, nickel and selenium were found significant (p < 0.05) in patients having EF < 45% compared with EF > 45%. In patients with systolic dysfunction (EF < 45%), the level of selenium was decreased while the level of chromium and nickel was increased compared to patients with EF > 45%. Selenium level was also decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in grade 1A and 2 patients that are considered as higher grades of diastole dysfunction in comparison to grade 0-1. Overall, selenium deficiency was identified in both systolic and diastolic dysfunctions of IHD patients corresponding to the progression of disease that could be related to many metabolic and translational pathways specifically which involve selenoproteins. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide 1. An estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2015, representing 31% of all global deaths. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) account for the majority of the cases of health lost to CVDs. There are large number of prevalent cases of IHD making it the leading cause of chronic disability 1,2. The most common cause of IHD is atherosclerosis which is a chronic inflammatory process represented by highly specific cellular and molecular responses 3. IHD affects both the systolic and diastolic function of the heart which progressively leads to heart failure; a structural and functional impairment of filling or ejection of blood from the heart 4. Despite advances in the current treatment plans, heart failure remains one of the major health care issues of the world not only due to its increasing prevalence but also health care costs 5 .

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“…Hunt and Johnson (2006) reported on menstrual magnesium losses amounting to 2.3 mg/day, with a range of 0.3-6.5 mg/day, although the source of these data is unclear. Considering a magnesium concentration in whole blood of around 35-40 mg/L in healthy women in the control group (Abdulsahib, 2011) and the volume of blood loss (median 18-30 mL per menstrual period (Hallberg et al, 1966;Harvey et al, 2005)), a median magnesium loss of around 0.6-1.2 mg/menstrual period can be calculated.…”

Section: Skin and Sweatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for magnesium

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Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derived Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for magnesium. The Panel considers that Average Requirements (ARs) and Population Reference Intakes (PRIs) for magnesium cannot be derived for adults, infants or children, and therefore defines Adequate Intakes (AIs), based on observed intakes in healthy populations in the European Union (EU). This approach considers the range of average magnesium intakes estimated by EFSA from dietary surveys in children and adults in nine EU countries. For adults, an AI for magnesium is set at 350 mg/day for men and 300 mg/day for women. For children aged 1 to < 3 years, an AI for magnesium is set at 170 mg/day for both sexes. For children aged 3 to < 10 years, an AI for magnesium is set at 230 mg/day for both sexes. For children aged 10 to < 18 years, an AI for magnesium is set at 300 mg/day for boys and 250 mg/day for girls. For infants aged 7-11 months, an AI for magnesium of 80 mg/day is derived by extrapolating upwards from the estimated magnesium intake in exclusively breast-fed infants aged 0-6 months and by considering observed average intakes in the few surveys for which data are available. For pregnant and lactating women, the Panel considers that there is no evidence for an increased need for magnesium, and the same AI is set for them as for non-pregnant, non-lactating women. Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal. It occurs as the free cation Mg 2+ in aqueous solutions or as the mineral part of a large variety of compounds, including chlorides, carbonates and hydroxides. Magnesium is a cofactor of more than 300 enzymatic reactions, acting either on the enzyme itself as a structural or catalytic component or on the substrate, especially for reactions involving ATP, which make magnesium essential in the intermediary metabolism for the synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins, as well as for specific actions in various organs in the neuromuscular or cardiovascular system. Magnesium deficiency can cause hypocalcaemia and hypokalaemia, leading to neurological or cardiac symptoms when it is associated with marked hypomagnesaemia. Owing to the widespread involvement of magnesium in numerous physiological functions and the metabolic interactions between magnesium and other minerals, it is difficult to relate magnesium deficiency to specific symptoms.Magnesium absorption takes place in the distal intestine, mainly as the ionised form. Percentage absorption is generally considered to be 40-50 %, but figures from 10 to 70 % have also been reported. Magnesium absorption can be inhibited by phytic acid and phosphate and enhanced by the fermentation of soluble dietary fibre, although the physiological relevance of these interactions at adequate intakes remains to be established.The majority of the body magnesium content is stored in bone (about 60 %) and muscle (about 25 %). A small amount is present in the serum, mainly as the free cation. Most cells ...

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Determination of Magnesium in whole Blood and Serum of Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD) Patients by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of Haemolysis on the Mineral Profile of Cattle Serum

Influence of Haemolysis on the Mineral Profile of Cattle Serum

Understanding of metals dysregulation in patients with systolic and diastolic dysfunction in ischemic heart disease

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for magnesium

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