Determination of in situ stress orientation from borehole guided waves

Barton, Colleen A.; Zoback, Mark D.

doi:10.1029/jb093ib07p07834

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…If we assume that the tube waves correspond t o a symmetrical radial mode, the horizontal projection of the tube-wave polarization should ideally always be radial on the well. In order to discover if this was the case in our data or whether the tube waves showed polarization anomalies in accordance with the observations of Barton and Zoback (1988), two polarization angles were studied (Fig. 11).…”

Section: T U B E -W a V E R E F L E C I ' I O N A N A I Y S I Ssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The tube-wave velocity dispersion and particle motions can he used to test for geophone coupling and for lithology identification (Cheng and Toksöz 1982), and tube waves have been reported to be very sensitive to Open fractures and high permeability zones (White 1983). In addition, recent observations of the tube-wave particle motions have suggested that the horizontal particle motion is polarized in the direction of a local principal axis of stress (Barton and Zoback 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹

Mjelde

1992

Geophysical Prospecting

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P‐wave and S‐wave data acquired with vertical seismic profiling (VSP) often include tube waves propagating in the borehole, although considerable efforts are generally made to ensure that these waves are not recorded. However, several theoretical studies have indicated that tube waves could provide important information about the rock formation and thus should not be considered as pure noise. In order to study some of these aspects experimentally, tube waves were acquired by VSP in a well in the Paris Basin both before and after casing. A sparker was used as source inside the borehole, which ensured that the data recorded contained high‐amplitude tube waves. It is shown that the casing is an obstacle which prevents the study of formation parameters, and thus further tube‐wave acquisitions should be carried out in open holes only. The before‐casing tube‐wave reflection log is compared to a synthetic log computed from the sonic log. The high resolution of the tube waves is of particular interest, revealing layers that are too thin to be detected in body‐wave surveys. It has recently been suggested that the projection of the tube‐wave polarization in the horizontal plane can be used to determine directions of stress‐induced anisotropy in the rock formation. Strong polarization anomalies are observed in the data sets but are attributed to tool problems rather than any rock‐formation feature.

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Section: T U B E -W a V E R E F L E C I ' I O N A N A I Y S I Ssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹

Mjelde

1992

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…That such planes do, indeed, exist is suggested by the close agreement between the directions of the maximum horizontal principal stress in this well [ Moos et al ., 1988; Plumb , 1988] and the P‐axis from a composite focal mechanism for a shallow (1.3–1.9 km deep) swarm of reverse‐faulting earthquakes that occurred within 0.5 km of the well [ Mrotek et al ., 1988; Woodward‐Clyde Consultants , 1988]. High‐stress normal faulting is suggested by recent in‐situ stress measurements in four different wells at depths of 0.3–1.7 km beneath Yucca Mountain, Nevada [ Stock et al ., 1985, 1986; Stock and Healy , 1988a] and by in‐situ stress measurements and borehole breakout analyses at depths of 3–4.5 km beneath Fenton Hill, New Mexico [ Barton et al ., 1988; see also earthquake fault‐plane determinations by Fehler , 1989].…”

Section: State Of Stress On Active Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress in the Lithosphere and the Strength of Active Faults

Hickman

1991

Reviews of Geophysics

140

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“…Recent observations of particle motion in vertical seismic profile (VSP) surveys [Barton and Zoback, 1988] (hereinafter referred to as Barton and Zoback) suggest the existence of borehole waves for which the horizontal particle motion at the borehole wall is polarized in a specific azimuthal direction. These reported low-frequency arrivals superficially resemble "tube waves," which are often excited in VSP surveys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borehole wave particle motion in anisotropic formations

Leveille¹,

Seriff²

1989

J. Geophys. Res.

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Recent observations of particle motion in vertical seismic profile surveys suggest the existence of borehole waves for which the formation horizontal particle motion is polarized in a specific azimuthal direction, possibly the direction of a local principal axis of stress. From an analysis of the static displacement of a pressurized vertical cylindrical borehole in a transversely isotropic formation with a horizontal axis of symmetry, we conclude that horizontal particle motion should not be azimuthally polarized for “tube waves” (lowest mode symmetric borehole wave) even in an ideal azimuthally anisotropic medium. Azimuthally polarized particle motion does exist for the “bending mode” of the borehole (lowest antisymmetric mode) even in isotropic formations; the polarization direction being determined by the source direction. Finite element calculations for a vertical borehole in a transversely isotropic formation with a horizontal axis of symmetry show that two bending modes with different velocities exist. The horizontal particle motion of one is polarized along the symmetry axis and the other is polarized orthogonal to that axis. At low frequencies the velocity of each approaches the velocity of a vertically propagating formation body shear wave with the same polarization direction. The recent experimental observations include one borehole arrival with a propagation velocity and a ratio of horizontal to vertical formation particle motion consistent with the hypothesis that it is a bending mode in an azimuthally anisotropic medium. The polarization direction and excitation of such a mode do not seem unreasonable. Other polarized arrivals cannot be easily explained.

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Determination of in situ stress orientation from borehole guided waves

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹

Stress in the Lithosphere and the Strength of Active Faults

Borehole wave particle motion in anisotropic formations

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Determination of in situ stress orientation from borehole guided waves

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA1

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA1

Stress in the Lithosphere and the Strength of Active Faults

Borehole wave particle motion in anisotropic formations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹

REFLECTION AND POLARIZATION OF TUBE WAVES AS SEEN IN VSP DATA¹