Determination of hydroquinone in cosmetic emulsion using microdialysis sampling coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

Lin, Cheng-Hui; Sheu, Jeun-Yuan; Wu, Hsin‐Lung; Huang, Yeou‐Lih

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2005.01.031

Cited by 96 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Hydroquinone and HQload NLC were compared to expose the UVA/UVB with 17.5 J/cm 2 energy irradiation [14]. The results were detected using ELISA-reader scan at 475 nm to calculate the inhibition tyrosinase rate.…”

Section: Inhibition Tyrosinase Assay With Uva/uvb Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Characterization of Hydroquinone Nanostructured Lipid Carriers by Homogenization Emulsification Method

Lin

Kuo

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) was prepared by homogenization emulsification method and improved with modified surfactants. The properties of nanoparticles were investigated using the NLC system for hydroquinone (HQ) as a model drug and by increasing the light stability of hydroquinone. The optimized condition of NLC in stirring was 1200 rpm, the homogenized speed was 8000 rpm, solid oil to liquid oil ratio was 3 : 7, and lecithin to surfactant ratio was 3 : 1. The particle size was 393.30 ± 28.23 nm and the encapsulation efficiency was 22.13 ± 2.66%. The zeta-potential of HQ-NLC was better than −30 mV. In the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies, adding of PLANTACARE 2000 UP for HQ-NLC has better heat resisting property than the HQ-NLC only. The addition of PLANTACARE 2000 UP to NLC shows better permeability (125.10%) than that of Blank. In the stability studies, the HQ-NLC after UVA/UVB irradiation has better inhibition rate (34.25%) than that of the Blank. In the present study, NLC system has successfully improved the light stability and the skin permeability of active compound. Therefore, the NLC might be a potential delivery vehicle for transdermal products in the future.

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Section: Inhibition Tyrosinase Assay With Uva/uvb Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Characterization of Hydroquinone Nanostructured Lipid Carriers by Homogenization Emulsification Method

Lin

Kuo

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Overexposure to HQ causes irritation, skin sensitization and also discoloration of the nails. 5 However, HQ is classified as an environmental pollutant because of the low degradability and high toxicity similar to other phenolic compounds by international organizations such as the European Union legislation and the US Environmental Protection Agency. 6 Because of all these factors, determination of HQ is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HQ is usually oxidized to quinone by electrochemical oxidation and it can be determined based on the measurment of the resulting current by amperometric method. Nowadays, several analytical techniques, including high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, micellar chromatography and kinetic spectrophotometry are being replaced by inexpensive, rapid and reliable techniquies such as electrochemical methods 5 which are the most advantageous because of their simplicity, rapidness and sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Prepared with Combination of Different Conductive Polymers for Hydroquinone Determination in River Water

Ülker

Kavanoz

2016

ACSi

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Modified electrode based on combination of different conductive polymers (polyaniline -poly(3-methylthiophene) -poly(3,3'-diaminobenzidine) (PANI -P3MT -PDAB)) was previously synthesized in dichloromethane containing HClO 4 and tetrabutylammoniumperchlorate (TBAP) as supporting electrolyte. Herein, the determination of hydroquinone (HQ) with amperometric I-t method over this modified and its homopolymers coated electrode was successfully carried out in river water as a real sample and in solution consisting of NaHSO 4 /Na 2 SO 4 (pH 2.0). For this method, potentials between 0.45 V and 0.65 V were applied and the best analytical response was obtained at 0.55 V using this modified electrode when compared to its homopolymers. The limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) , the linear dynamic range and regression coefficient (R 2 ) were found as 1.31 × 10 -4 mM, 4.37 × 10 -4 mM, 4.37 × 10 -4 -95.0 mM and 0.998, respectively. These results were compared to homopolymers coated and uncoated Pt electrodes. For checking on the accuracy of the developed method and the matrices interference, determination of HQ was performed in artificially contaminated river water samples with HQ concentration of 5.0 mM and 10.0 mM using this modified electrode and recovery values were calculated as 100.6% and 100.1%, respectively.

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“…Na literatura, diversos métodos analíticos têm sido reportados para determinação HQ de forma isolada ou simultaneamente com catecol ou ácido kójico. 6,7 Os procedimentos usuais têm empregado métodos baseados em cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), 8,9 espectrofotometria, 7 quimiluminescência, 3,10 fluorescência, 11 amperometria, 2,12,13 e voltametria. 6,14 O presente trabalho compreende o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um procedimento espectrofotométrico para a determinação de HQ em formulações farmacêuticas (Gel), empregando o processo de multicomutação em análise em fluxo (MCFA).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Automatic Procedure for Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydroquinone Employing Multicommutation Flow in Analysis System

Lima¹,

Castilho²,

Fernandes³

et al. 2016

Química Nova

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AUTOMATIC PROCEDURE FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF HYDROQUINONE EMPLOYING MULTICOMMUTATION FLOW IN ANALYSIS SYSTEM. This paper describes a procedure based on multicommutation in flow analysis system for photometric determination of hydroquinone in pharmaceutical gel formulations. The procedure involves oxidation of hydroquinone by Fe (III) and subsequent reaction between the generated Fe (II) species with 1,10-phenanthroline, producing a complex detected at 510 nm. Under optimized conditions, the proposed system showed a linear response in the range between 5 to 120 µmol L -1 (r = 0.9995), a limit of detection (3σ) INTRODUÇÃOHidroquinona (benzeno-1,4-diol) é um composto pertencente à classe dos fenóis e é muito utilizado como componente principal em reveladores fotográficos, inibidor de reações de polimerização e antioxidante para borrachas e corantes.1 Na medicina, a hidroquinona (HQ) representa o composto ativo mais utilizado no tratamento de despigmentação de manchas dermatológicas.2,3 Tais aplicações podem ter efeitos colaterais em seus usuários, devido à utilização de maneira inadequada ou em dosagens maiores que a recomendada (em geral entre 2 e 10 %).2 Além disso, o descarte inapropriado causa impacto ambiental desfavorável.A Farmacopeia Brasileira contempla somente o procedimento para quantificação de HQ pura sem excipientes, 4 portanto não há metodologia oficial para o doseamento de HQ em formulações farmacêuticas. A Farmacopeia Americana 5 apresenta procedimentos para doseamento de amostras farmacológicas contendo HQ na formulação com creme e para HQ pura. Este produto também é fornecido na forma Gel e geralmente contendo HQ em dosagem em torno de 40 mg/g. Entretanto, as farmacopeias citadas, não descrevem procedimentos para o controle de qualidade deste tipo de formulação. Geralmente, a HQ é encontrada associada a outros princípios ativos, por exemplo, ácido retinóico, ácido glicólico e ácido kójico, na forma de géis, loções ou pomadas cremosas, tanto em cosméticos industriais quanto em produtos manipulados.Em vista disso, a disponibilidade de métodos analíticos simples, rápidos e eficientes para a determinação de hidroquinona se faz necessário. Na literatura, diversos métodos analíticos têm sido reportados para determinação HQ de forma isolada ou simultaneamente com catecol ou ácido kójico. 6,7 Os procedimentos usuais têm empregado métodos baseados em cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), 8,9 espectrofotometria, 7 quimiluminescência, 3,10 fluorescência, 11 amperometria, 2,12,13 e voltametria. 6,14 O presente trabalho compreende o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um procedimento espectrofotométrico para a determinação de HQ em formulações farmacêuticas (Gel), empregando o processo de multicomutação em análise em fluxo (MCFA). 15,16 O procedimento é baseado na reação de oxidação da molécula de HQ com ferro (III) em meio ácido e posterior reação do ferro (II) gerado com 1,10-fenantrolina, formando um complexo que é detectado em 510 nm. Atualmente, é consenso de que os procedimentos ...

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Determination of hydroquinone in cosmetic emulsion using microdialysis sampling coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 96 publications

References 28 publications

Formulation and Characterization of Hydroquinone Nanostructured Lipid Carriers by Homogenization Emulsification Method

Formulation and Characterization of Hydroquinone Nanostructured Lipid Carriers by Homogenization Emulsification Method

Electrode Prepared with Combination of Different Conductive Polymers for Hydroquinone Determination in River Water

Automatic Procedure for Spectrophotometric Determination of Hydroquinone Employing Multicommutation Flow in Analysis System

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