Determination of hardness from nanoscratch experiments: Corrections for interfacial shear stress and elastic recovery

Tayebi, Noureddine; Conry, T. F.; Polycarpou, Andreas A.

doi:10.1557/jmr.2003.0301

Cited by 56 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…During the experiments, in situ and residual normal displacements were measured as well as in situ normal and friction forces. Subsequently, the scratch hardness values of the thin carbon overcoats were calculated based on the Tayebi et al model [11]. Also, experiments were conducted to investigate the wear behavior of the carbon overcoats by changing the nanoscratch loading profile so that the scratch was repeated at the same location and in the same direction.…”

Section: Experimental Samples and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the improved hardness model by Tayebi et al [11] that specifically incorporated tangential traction and elastic recovery in the formulation, the nanoscratch technique was used to measure the hardness of the same thin films systems discussed above. The motivation for using the nanoscratch technique was that it could overcome some of the difficulties encountered in indentation when measuring hardness of thin films at the nanoscale [11][12][13].…”

Section: Hardness Measurements Using Constant Load Nanoscratchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar relations were derived by Komvopoulos et al [15] and Kral et al [16] to estimate the hardness of thin films. Tayebi et al [11] extended the above works and proposed an improved hardness model from nanoscratch experiments. They also verified their model by comparing the hardness values of thin films obtained from nanoscratch and nanoindentation experiments [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nanoscratch minimizes the issues of substrate effects on the hardness of thin film coatings, which were important concerns in the nanoindentation method [11][12][13]. The effect of substrate on the nanoscratch hardness measurements was found to be less pronounced than in conventional nanoindentation measurements due to (1) relatively lower loads applied for a certain penetration depth, (2) direct imaging of residual deformation which accounts for the pile-up or sink-in effect and (3) the accounting of elastic recovery for plastically deformed surfaces [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanical Property and Nanowear Measurements for Sub-10-nm Thick Films in Magnetic Storage

2006

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In the magnetic storage industry, thin film carbon overcoats play a critical role in reducing magnetic and physical spacing between the recording slider and the rotating disk so that the information stored per unit area is maximized. Thin film carbon overcoats have been improved such that they exhibit higher hardness with lower thickness of few nanometers and still being able to perform reliably. In this paper, nanoindentation and nanoscratch techniques to measure nanomechanical properties, namely hardness, elastic modulus and shear strength of thin solid films were presented along with a recently developed high resolution force transducer. Nanowear behavior characterization techniques were also examined and were applied to commercially available magnetic disks to characterize their wear behavior. It was shown that the properties and wear behavior of sub-10-nm thick film carbon overcoats were reliably measured. These techniques could be applied to different thin solid films on substrates, and they are not restricted to magnetic storage systems.

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Section: Experimental Samples and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardness Measurements Using Constant Load Nanoscratchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanical Property and Nanowear Measurements for Sub-10-nm Thick Films in Magnetic Storage

2006

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“…Nanoindentation normal to the surface is routinely used to measure the hardness and Young's modulus. Triboindentation tests are used [5][6][7] to measure both hardness and shear strength as well as quantify strain-rate sensitivity [8,9] effects in the evaluation of deformation mechanisms in nanocrystalline alloys. The standard approach [10][11][12] to determine the elastic modulus during nanoindentation evaluates the load ( ) versus displacement (ℎ) curve during unloading after plastic deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Tapping Mode Measurement for Young’s Modulus of Nanocrystalline Metal Coatings

Ahmed

Brannigan

Jankowski

2013

Journal of Nanotechnology

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Young's modulus of nanocrystalline metal coatings is measured using the oscillating, that is, tapping, mode of a cantilever with a diamond tip. The resonant frequency of the cantilever changes when the diamond tip comes in contact with a sample surface. A Hertz-contact-based model is further developed using higher-order terms in a Taylor series expansion to determine a relationship between the reduced elastic modulus and the shift in the resonant frequency of the cantilever during elastic contact between the diamond tip and sample surface. The tapping mode technique can be used to accurately determine Young's modulus that corresponds with the crystalline orientation of the sample surface as demonstrated for nanocrystalline nickel, vanadium, and tantalum coatings.

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Creep Behavior of Graphene Oxide, Silk Fibroin, and Cellulose Nanocrystal Bionanofilms

Shakil

Kim

Polycarpou

2022

Adv Materials Inter

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a well-known candidate due to its superior mechanical properties, electrical conductivity after reduction, better thermal stability, biocompatibility and better optical properties. [8][9][10] However, the assembled GO films do not show the same mechanical behavior as GO flakes because of debonding and delamination, limiting their usage in practical applications. [11,12] To improve the mechanical properties of GO-based films, suitable materials must be assembled with GO to form nacre-like structures. Several materials have caught researchers' attention to develop GO-based nanofilms. Silk fibroin (SF) is one of the promising materials with suitable mechanical properties. SF can be easily fabricated from natural silk cocoons, which makes the nacre structure biocompatible. [13] At the same time, SF also showed better interfacial and adhesion strength with GO films. [14] Previous studies showed that GO-SF nanocomposite exhibited superior mechanical properties, compared to individual components. [5,15] On the other hand, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are another candidate material for GO-based bionanofilms. CNC also showed better mechanical integrity, high aspect ratio and the mechanical behavior was also improved when assembled to form GO-CNC nanocomposite. [16][17][18] CNC exhibited improvement in mechanical performance when assembled with SF due to hydrogen bonding and increased interfacial interactions. [19] Therefore, GO-SF-CNC assembled nacre-like composite is expected to significantly exhibit improved mechanical properties, compared to other bionanofilms. Several fabrication methods have been implemented to fabricate nacre-like structures with tunable mechanical properties. Spin assisted layer-by-layer (SA-LbL) assembly is one of the most popular methods to fabricate the nacre-like composites with their thicknesses at the nanoscale. [15,20] SA-LbL assembly technique allows for precise control of hierarchical layered structure with fine controlled morphology. [18,19] To ensure mechanical integrity and reliability for practical applications, bionanofilms must exhibit improved mechanical behavior at different operating conditions, e.g., elevated temperatures and pressures. At the same time, creep behavior of bionanofilms is of great importance for longer time exposure to heat and/or applied load. Several researchers have worked on temperature dependent and viscoelastic behavior of individual GO, SF, and CNC materials. [18,[21][22][23] However, the literature is Graphene oxide (GO), silk fibroin (SF), and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) nanocomposite is a novel biomaterial with superior mechanical properties. Elevated temperature nanoindentation experiments using constant load hold method are performed to investigate temperature-dependent mechanical and creep behavior of the GO-SF-CNC nanocomposite. Hardness and reduced modulus of GO-SF-CNC are determined from experiments at 25, 40, 60, 80, and 100 °C, and yield strength and creep coefficients are predicted from finite element analysis using two-layer viscoplasticity the...

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Determination of hardness from nanoscratch experiments: Corrections for interfacial shear stress and elastic recovery

Cited by 56 publications

References 34 publications

Nanomechanical Property and Nanowear Measurements for Sub-10-nm Thick Films in Magnetic Storage

Nanomechanical Property and Nanowear Measurements for Sub-10-nm Thick Films in Magnetic Storage

On the Tapping Mode Measurement for Young’s Modulus of Nanocrystalline Metal Coatings

Creep Behavior of Graphene Oxide, Silk Fibroin, and Cellulose Nanocrystal Bionanofilms

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