Determination of ferrous iron in rock and mineral samples by three volumetric methods

Saikkonen, R.J.; Rautiainen, I.A.

doi:10.17741/bgsf/65.1.005

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Saikkonen and Rautiainen have reported results for these samples earlier. 23 The published data for RS 31 and RS 71 were obtained by three volumetric methods: Amonette & Scott's method, Wilson's method and Pratt's method. When the results obtained in this work (Table 6) are compared with those reported by Saikkonen and Rautiainen, only titrimetry with Pratt's method for RS 31 gave statistically the same results as were obtained by polarography (values for t-test: tcalc = 1.05, tcrit = 2.18, 95% confidence level).…”

Section: Determination Of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ In Peat And Other Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sulfur contents of RS 31 and RS 71 samples are 0.01% and 0.10%, respectively. 23 These levels are quite low and should not cause much error in polarographic determinations, since the sample decomposition was done in a nitrogen purged vessel. Therefore, the easilysoluble reduced sulfur compounds will volatilize as H2S, and should not cause problems.…”

Section: Determination Of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ In Peat And Other Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Studies of Iron Speciation (Fe2+ and Fe3+) in Peat Samples Using Polarography

et al. 2000

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Current-sampled (tast) polarography was used in the determination of the two iron oxidation states Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ in peat samples. The iron couple was reversible in the 0.1 mol L -1 citrate-supporting electrolyte used. The total iron concentration in the samples was determined by differential pulse polarography. Sample decomposition was done in a nitrogen atmosphere by hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid. The accuracy of the determinations was verified by spiking experiments and analyzing in-house standards (Geological Survey of Finland) RS 31 (Rapakivi granite), RS 71 (Diabase) and certified reference material PCC-1 (Peridotite, U.S. Geological Survey). The method, developed for this purpose, proved to be reasonably accurate.

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Section: Determination Of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ In Peat And Other Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ In Peat And Other Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Studies of Iron Speciation (Fe2+ and Fe3+) in Peat Samples Using Polarography

et al. 2000

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“…The commonly used FeCl 3 -K 2 Cr 2 O 7 and TiCl 3 -K 2 Cr 2 O 7 volumetric methods were applied to M Fe and T Fe measurement, respectively [26]. Milling (with a fineness of 90% passing 0.074 mm), followed by magnetic separation of the reduced samples, was carried out subsequently for the beneficiation of manganese and iron.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbothermic Reduction of Ferruginous Manganese Ore for Mn/Fe Beneficiation: Morphology Evolution and Separation Characteristic

Huang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Minerals

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Abstract:In the present paper, beneficiation of Fe and Mn elements from a ferruginous manganese ore via carbothermic reduction followed by magnetic separation process was investigated in detail. The effects of the experimental parameters were systematically discussed. Iron-rich products with an Fe grade of 62.3% and 88.2% of Fe recovery, and manganese-rich product with a Mn grade of 63.7% of and 70.4% of Mn recovery were obtained, respectively, at an optimal temperature of 1100 • C, with a roasting time of 100 min, anthracite addition of 25%, milling fineness of 90% passing 0.074 mm, and a magnetic intensity of 140 A/m. Furthermore, the morphology evolution and phase transformation laws along with reduction process were revealed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray detector (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and chemical phase analysis. The results demonstrated that the ferruginous manganese ore reduction can be described as follows: plate-like Fe-Mn symbiotic phase decomposition → granular MnO phase formation → fine metallic iron formation → aggregation of metallic iron → boundary development between Fe and Mn phases.

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“…Thus, for most rocks, there is a high ratio of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ , as verified by abundant empirical data (Marakushev, ; Middlemost, ) and consistent with the FMQ oxygen fugacity buffer (Eugster, ; Fudali, ). While total Fe can be readily analyzed spectroscopically by techniques including atomic absorption, X‐ray fluorescence, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Jenner & Arevalo, ; Potts, ), determining the proportion of Fe 2+ requires wet chemical oxidative volumetric or complexiometric titrations (Potts, ; Saikkonen & Rautiainen, ; Wilson, ). Most igneous rocks and many other crustal rocks (Zen, ) sit near FMQ or at slightly more oxidized conditions, which are toward the hematite‐magnetite oxygen buffer (Carmichael & Nicholls, ; Clark, ; Fudali, ) while mantle rocks, particularly in the garnet peridotite stability field, tend to be marginally lower than FMQ (McCammon & Kopylova, ).…”

Section: Geological Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Henkel Petrophysical Plot: Mineralogy and Lithology From Physical Properties

Enkin

Hamilton

Morris

2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The Henkel plot (logarithm of magnetic susceptibility versus density of rock samples) reveals that most rocks fall on either a "magnetite trend" or a "paramagnetic trend." Interpretation of gravity and magnetic surveys is improved when the mineralogical and lithological basis of these trends is understood. We present a quantitative mineralogical mixing model, involving the components QFC (quartz-feldspar-calcite), FM (ferromagnesian silicates), and M (magnetite) and discuss the geological processes which produce or modify these mixtures. Igneous rocks mostly plot on the magnetite trend, where the FM/M ratio is about 10. The density-susceptibility mineralogical mixing model is compatible with the CIPW mineral calculation for igneous classification from chemical analyses. Sedimentary and metamorphic processes usually involve oxidation, reduction, and/or iron loss, all which are magnetite-destructive and lead to petrophysical measurements along the paramagnetic trend where FM/M > 1,000. Mineralization, with the introduction of sulfides and oxides, leads to dense rocks which do not plot along the magnetite nor paramagnetic trends. This quantitative analysis provides a method to integrate geological processes in the interpretation of geophysical surveys. Plain Language SummaryThe Henkel plot (logarithm of magnetic susceptibility versus density of rock samples) is useful for linking geophysical data and geological interpretation. Our study merges thousands of rock physical properties measurements with their corresponding rock types and minerals. Given this globally applicable database, we calibrated a model reducing these many parameters to three basic groups of minerals and their physical properties. This model permits users of remote sensing data to come up with equivalent rock and mineral types and a spatial view of geological processes. It also allows geochemical data on igneous rocks to predict their physical behavior and control on regional geophysical mapping. Key Points: • The Henkel plot (logarithm of magnetic susceptibility versus density of rock samples) helps integrate geological and geophysical analysis • We present a quantitative mineralogical mixing model involving three components quartz-feldspar-calcite, ferromagnesian silicates, and magnetite • Major geological processes leading to petrophysical properties on different regions of the Henkel plot are easily explained

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Determination of ferrous iron in rock and mineral samples by three volumetric methods

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Preliminary Studies of Iron Speciation (Fe2+ and Fe3+) in Peat Samples Using Polarography

Preliminary Studies of Iron Speciation (Fe2+ and Fe3+) in Peat Samples Using Polarography

Carbothermic Reduction of Ferruginous Manganese Ore for Mn/Fe Beneficiation: Morphology Evolution and Separation Characteristic

The Henkel Petrophysical Plot: Mineralogy and Lithology From Physical Properties

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