Determination of Fecal Shedding Rates and Genotypes of Swine Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Korea

Kim, Sang Hoon; Kim, Miyoung; Kim, Do-Geun; Song, Young-Suk; Jeong, Hyun-Jeong; Lee, Sang‐Won; Park, Seung‐Yong; Song, Chang‐Seon; Oh, Soon-Jin; Yoo, Han Sang; Choi, In‐Soo

doi:10.1292/jvms.70.1367

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These studies showed that the prevalence of HEV RNA in swine faeces and serum depend on the production stage, i.e. the pig’s age (Additional file 2 [14, 15, 18, 21, 57, 66, 86–89, 91–93, 95, 96, 104, 108, 109, 113, 114, 118–120, 133, 135, 136, 140–150]). A broad shedding period from 1.5 to 5 months of age was globally reported at farm scale.…”

Section: Hev Infection Characteristics and Dynamics On Pig Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: a comprehensive review

Salines

Andraud

Rose

2017

Vet Res

128

127

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans, an emerging zoonosis mainly transmitted via food in developed countries and for which domestic pigs are recognised as the main reservoir. It therefore appears important to understand the features and drivers of HEV infection dynamics on pig farms in order to implement HEV surveillance programmes and to assess and manage public health risks. The authors have reviewed the international scientific literature on the epidemiological characteristics of HEV in swine populations. Although prevalence estimates differed greatly from one study to another, all consistently reported high variability between farms, suggesting the existence of multifactorial conditions related to infection and within-farm transmission of the virus. Longitudinal studies and experimental trials have provided estimates of epidemiological parameters governing the transmission process (e.g. age at infection, transmission parameters, shedding period duration or lag time before the onset of an immune response). Farming practices, passive immunity and co-infection with immunosuppressive agents were identified as the main factors influencing HEV infection dynamics, but further investigations are needed to clarify the different HEV infection patterns observed in pig herds as well as HEV transmission between farms. Relevant surveillance programmes and control measures from farm to fork also have to be fostered to reduce the prevalence of contaminated pork products entering the food chain.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-017-0436-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Hev Infection Characteristics and Dynamics On Pig Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: a comprehensive review

Salines

Andraud

Rose

2017

Vet Res

128

127

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“…In Korea, the overall prevalence of anti-swine HEV antibodies was approximately 15% [46]. Similarly, HEV RNA has been detected in 17.5% of fecal samples [47]. Serological studies and detection of HEV RNA in serum and fecal samples show that most swine HEV infections appear to occur at 2-3 months of age.…”

Section: Animal Hevsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus infections in humans and animals

Song

Park

et al. 2014

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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Hepatitis E has traditionally been considered an endemic disease of developing countries. It generally spreads through contaminated water. However, seroprevalence studies have shown that hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are not uncommon in industrialized countries. In addition, the number of autochthonous hepatitis E cases in these countries is increasing. Most HEV infections in developed countries can be traced to the ingestion of contaminated raw or undercooked pork meat or sausages. Several animal species, including pigs, are known reservoirs of HEV that transmit the virus to humans. HEVs are now recognized as an emerging zoonotic agent. In this review, we describe the general characteristics of HEVs isolated from humans and animals, the risk factors for human HEV infection, and the current status of human vaccine development.

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“…Recently, HEV RNAs were isolated from serum samples collected from HEV patients in Korea [Ahn et al, 2005]. DNA sequencing data revealed that their sequences were related closely to swine HEVs reported in Korea. In previous studies, the HEV infection status of pigs in Korea was determined either by detecting HEV-specific antibodies in serum samples or HEV RNA in fecal specimens [Choi et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2008;Yu et al, 2008]. The analysis of partial genomic sequences obtained from swine HEV strains showed that they were quite closely related to human and swine HEV strains recovered in the USA and Japan [Huang et al, 1992;Kim et al, 2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of complete genome sequences of swine hepatitis E virus and possible risk factors for transmission of HEV to humans in Korea

Song

Jeong

Kim

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Virology

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The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic agent, for which pigs are the most important reservoir. Complete genome sequences of two swine HEV strains, designated swKOR-1 and swKOR-2, were determined via RT-PCR and RACE-PCR. The strains contained genomes composed of 7,222- and 7,221-bp excluding the poly(A) tails, respectively. The swKOR-1 and swKOR-2 strains were classified into subtype 3a of genotype 3 via phylogenetic analysis. These strains formed a distinctive cluster in the phylogenetic tree with human and swine HEVs isolated in the USA and human HEVs isolated in Japan. Anti-HEV antibodies were identified via ELISA in 8 of 99 (8.1%) cats, whereas, among 115 cattle and 213 dogs, no HEV-specific antibodies were detected. The conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of HEV could be detected via RT-PCR in 8.7% of raw oysters collected from coastal regions in Korea. The HEV RNAs detected in oysters were identified as belonging to subtype 3a. The HEV RNAs in oysters most closely resembled that of the swKOR-2 strain. They also showed a close genetic relationship with the swKOR-1 strain and the swine and human HEVs isolated in the USA. This is the first report describing the detection in oysters of HEV that may have originated from genotype 3 swine HEV in Korea. Pigs and cats infected with HEV, as well as oysters contaminated with HEV, are potential risk factors for HEV transmission to humans.

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Determination of Fecal Shedding Rates and Genotypes of Swine Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Korea

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: a comprehensive review

From the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) within the swine reservoir to public health risk mitigation strategies: a comprehensive review

Hepatitis E virus infections in humans and animals

Analysis of complete genome sequences of swine hepatitis E virus and possible risk factors for transmission of HEV to humans in Korea

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