Determination of Corticosterone Concentration in Plasma of Turkeys Using Radioimmunoassay

Simensen, E.; Olson, L. D.; Vanjonack, W. J.; Johnson, H. D.; Ryan, M. P.

doi:10.3382/ps.0571701

Cited by 49 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cortisol was measured as total cortisol based on Simensen et al (1978), with the following modifications for polar bear plasma: 10-µl plasma samples were heated in 500 µl phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 0.1% gelatin for 20 min to remove possible inhibiting effects from plasma proteins. Validation showed that serial dilution of heated polar bear plasma with high cortisol concentration produced a dose-response curve parallel to the standard curve.…”

Section: Cortisol Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorines Affect the Steroid Hormone Cortisol in Free-Ranging Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard, Norway

Oskam

Ropstad

Lie

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

101

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Since the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is among the most highly organochlorine-contaminated species of the Arctic mammals, there is growing concern that in addition to the natural stressors in the polar bear's environment, several organochlorines (OCs) may be able to change basic endocrine pathways. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis may affect plasma cortisol concentrations and inhibit physiological processes involved in the maintenance of homeostasis in a way that may endanger the animal's health. Between 1995 and 1998, samples were collected from 121 male and 130 female free-ranging polar bears from the Svalbard area. The aim of the study was to investigate relationships between plasma cortisol concentrations, biological factors, and OCs. The variation in plasma cortisol concentrations was determined for the total sample. Axillary girth and body mass together with their interactions explained more than 50% of the variation in the plasma cortisol concentration. The sum of pesticides (Sigma pesticides) combined with the sum of polychlorinated biphenyls (Sigma PCBs) and their interactions explained over 25% of the variation in the cortisol concentration. Although Sigma pesticides contributed negatively and Sigma PCBs contributed positively to the variation in the plasma cortisol, the over-all contribution of the OCs to the plasma cortisol variation was negative. Despite the complexity on stress responses and the interactions with environmental factors, this study demonstrated that high concentrations of OCs in polar bears might alter plasma cortisol concentrations.

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Section: Cortisol Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorines Affect the Steroid Hormone Cortisol in Free-Ranging Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard, Norway

Oskam

Ropstad

Lie

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

101

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“…The plasma cortisol concentration was quantified using a radioimmunoassay (Simensen et al, 1978;Olsen et al, 1992). Liquid scintillation (Packard Tricarb 1500) was used to determine sample radioactivity.…”

Section: Sampling and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol and glucose responses in juvenile brown trout subjected to a fluctuating flow regime in an artificial stream

Flodmark

Urke²,

Halleraker

et al. 2002

Journal of Fish Biology

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In an artificial stream channel, wild 1 year old brown trout Salmo trutta were exposed to fluctuations in flow and water level to simulate hydro-peaking conditions downstream of a hydropower installation. Blood plasma cortisol concentrations reached a maximum of 59·4 35·3 ng ml 1 (mean 95% CL) 2 h after the end of down-ramping. Return to the pre-exposure cortisol level was achieved within 6 h. When subjected to daily cyclical fluctuations over 7 days, plasma cortisol levels were significantly elevated (61·3 26·8 ng ml 1 ) on the first day compared to undisturbed fish (4·9 3·7 ng ml 1 ). On the fourth and seventh day, no elevation in plasma cortisol above control levels was observed. No changes in blood glucose that could be attributed to the stressor were found. There was no correlation between plasma cortisol and blood glucose levels. The short-lived cortisol response to daily fluctuations indicates a rapid habituation to this stressor. 2002 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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“…In ducks, although the influence of some stresses, including adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH; Macchi, Phillips & Brown, 1967;, cold (Boissin, 1967;Ensor, Phillips & O'Halloran, 1976;Holmes & Slikker, 1976;Holmes, 1978) and osmotic stresses (Macchi et al 1967;Allen, Abel & Takemoto, 1975) in enhancing secretion of corticosterone has been determined, the fluorometric and competitive protein-binding assays used in these studies are known to over-estimate levels of corticosterone in plasma (Culbert & Wells, 1975;Holmes & Phillips, 1976), as well as giving inconsistent results for birds (Simensen, Olson, Vanjonack, Johnson & Ryan, 1978). In view of the concern about stress in the poultry industry (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1965;Sorensen, 1978), the possible influence of stress on the secretion of corticosterone in the duck has been further investigated in the present study by using a sensitive radioimmunoassay for corticosterone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Stress on the Secretion of Corticosterone in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

Harvey¹,

Merry²,

Phillips³

1980

Journal of Endocrinology

125

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The influence of stress on the secretion of corticosterone has been investigated by radioimmunoassay in domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) of 6-8 weeks of age. Intravenous and i.m. injections of synthetic ACTH (Synacthen, 25 i.u./bird and Synacthen Depot, 100 i.u./bird respectively) markedly increased (2.7- to 10-fold) basal concentrations of corticosterone in plasma (3-6 ng/ml) in comparison with those in birds injected with 0.9% saline (1 ml/bird). Maximum levels of 30-40 ng/ml plasma were reached after 30 min and 5 h respectivley. Increased levels of corticosterone in plasma were also seen within 5 min of i.v. administration of saline and remained as high as those in birds treated with Synacthen for at least 20 min after injection. Blood sampling (from the brachial vein) was, by itself, sufficient to increase levels of corticosterone in plasma; a large (twofold) rise being observed as soon as 1 min after initial handling and bleeding, with concentrations of 30-40 ng/ml being found in birds bled 15 times during a period of 14 min. However, in a flock of birds, the alarm created in unhandled birds while others were being bled had no effect on concentrations of corticosterone in plasma. Deprivation of food or water for 24 h also enhanced levels of corticosterone in plasma, as did 24 h of adaptation to 0.2 M-NaCl drinking water. These results have demonstrated the lability of the secretion of corticosterone in response to stress and demonstrated its usefulness as a physiological indicator of stress in ducks.

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Determination of Corticosterone Concentration in Plasma of Turkeys Using Radioimmunoassay

Cited by 49 publications

References 9 publications

Organochlorines Affect the Steroid Hormone Cortisol in Free-Ranging Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard, Norway

Organochlorines Affect the Steroid Hormone Cortisol in Free-Ranging Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard, Norway

Cortisol and glucose responses in juvenile brown trout subjected to a fluctuating flow regime in an artificial stream

Influence of Stress on the Secretion of Corticosterone in the Duck (Anas Platyrhynchos)

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