Determination of chromium in ores, rocks and related materials, iron, steel and non-ferrous alloys by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry after separation by tribenzylamine—chloroform extraction

Donaldson, Elsie M.

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(80)80107-x

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The effect of halogenated hydrocarbon diluents such as chloroform was not studied since it has been already reported in the literature [22]. The effect of the diluents and the characteristic observations are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Selection Of Diluentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extractive separation and determination of chromium in tannery effluents and electroplating waste water using tribenzylamine as the extractant

Kalidhasan

Ganesh

Sricharan

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Selection Of Diluentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extraction of chromium (VI) using tribenzylamine (TBA) in chloroform has been reported for the analysis of chromium in steel alloys [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractive separation and determination of chromium in tannery effluents and electroplating waste water using tribenzylamine as the extractant

Kalidhasan

Ganesh

Sricharan

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Alternative procedures have also been described that start with a preliminary extraction before excitation in an AA flame. These include the use of diphenylcarbazide (28) and tribenzylamine (93) as extractants for the analysis of iron and steels.…”

Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Water analysis

Fishman¹,

Erdmann²,

Garbarino³

1983

Anal. Chem.

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This review is produced from a search of the literature as performed with the DIALOG capabilities of Chemical Abstracts Service. The material covered in this particular review is a continuation of past reviews by the same authors and covers the period from September 1980 to October 1982 It is obvious that the level of activity in the publication of research results by analytical chemists and spectrographers in the steel industry is significantly reduced and directly reflects the malais that affects our industry. Without being overly critical, we will have approximately 300 less literature citations in this review as compared to the last one (448). ALUMINUMTotal trace aluminum was determined spectro hotometpriate dissolution steps as an Eriochrome Cyanine R complex (98), by using Chromazol KS as a color-forming agent (269), as a colored complex with salicylidene-o-aminophenol-4sulfonic acid (523), and with l-pheny1-2,3-dimethylpyrazolone-5-azopyrogallol (13).Low levels of A1 have been determined in high-and lowalloy steels and ferrovanadium by atomic absorption after separation from the matrix by electrolysis (94). The determination of acid soluble aluminum by AA continues to be a very popular method in the steel industry by virtue of its rapidity (51,76,511). Low concentrations were also determined in silicon steels by using electrothermal atomization (245). Direct injection of a dissolved steel sample into an AI-H flame has been reported (282).AA has not supplanted emission spectrochemical methods for this determination as they continue to be used for both soluble and insoluble aluminum determinations in steel (135,304). One method involves the premelting of a selected zone on a sample surface in an inert atmosphere so as to concentrate the insoluble aluminum inclusions in the surface of the remelted zone upon which the surface is mechanically removed and subsequently analyzed spectrally for the soluble portion (76). A design for an instrument has been claimed that eliminates anomalous emission spectrometric signals from aluminum inclusions, thus permitting the determination of acid-soluble A1 with high precision (452). rically in some unalloyed and low-alloyed steels a P ter appro-Various other procedures have been applied in a general way for the analysis of steel and related materials and include the use of lasers for localized sampling prior to spectral excitation (208,311), Grimm glow-discharge source excitation (466), ICP emission spectrometry (15,101), an acid dissolution, ignition, and NaF fluxing prior to dc arc excitation for stainless-steel analysis (299), and the use of dc plasma techniques for iron ores, sinters, and dust analysis (369).The accuracy of XRF spectrometry for determining A1 in low-alloy and stainless steels (at <0.1%) has reportedly been improved by adding granular FeZr to the molten metal during sampling (184). Conversely, a rapid and high percision XRF method for the determination of the A1203 content of steels has been described (317). Procedures for the routine XRF analysis of iron...

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“…Other spectrophotometric methods have also been employed [2,3]. Other techniques have also been applied, such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometry [-4,5], activation analysis [6][7][8], ICP…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential-pulse polarographic determination of chromium and nickel in zircaloys using microsamples

Al-Ammar

Al-Sadi

1996

Mikrochim Acta

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Abstract. Three methods were developed for the analysis of the alloying elements chromium and nickel in Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4, alloys of zirconium used extensively in the nuclear industry as nuclear fuel sheathing. Zircaloy was dissolved in hydrofluoric acid followed by oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) by perchloric acid. The polarographic peak of CrO~-in alkaline medium was used to determine Cr. Nickel was determined, after HF dissolution, using the polarographic peak of the nickel-ammonia complex, Ni (NH3) ~ +. In an alternative method for Ni, the sample was dissolved in HF and the polarographic peak of the nickel-fluoride complex, Ni F42 -, was used. Careful control of fluoride ion concentration and the pH eliminated the harmful effect of fluoride on the capillary behaviour of the dropping mercury electrode. The detection limits for chromium, nickel-ammonia and nickel-fluoride in Zircaloys were 0.0016, 0.0033, and 0.0041%, respectively.Key words: zircaloy, chromium, nickel, polarography.In the nuclear industry a rigorous quality control programme is in use for monitoring the zirconium alloys Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4 as nuclear fuel sheathing. The determination of the percentage of alloying elements in Zircaloys represents a maj or part of this programme, as the mechanical and corrosion properties of these alloys are influenced by the concentrations of their constituent elements. The concentrations of alloying elements in Zircaloy-2 are Cr (0.05-0.15%), Ni (0.03 0.08%), Fe (0.07-0.2%) and Sn (1.2-1.7%), while in Zircaloy-4 the alloying elements are Cr (0.07-0.13%), Fe (0.18-0.24%) and Sn (1.2-1.7%).Several techniques have been applied for the quantitation of the alloying elements in Zircaloys, such as spectrophotometry, which has been adopted by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) [1]. Other spectrophotometric methods have also been employed [2,3]. Other techniques have also been applied, such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometry [-4,5], activation analysis [6][7][8], ICP

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Determination of chromium in ores, rocks and related materials, iron, steel and non-ferrous alloys by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry after separation by tribenzylamine—chloroform extraction

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Extractive separation and determination of chromium in tannery effluents and electroplating waste water using tribenzylamine as the extractant

Extractive separation and determination of chromium in tannery effluents and electroplating waste water using tribenzylamine as the extractant

Water analysis

Differential-pulse polarographic determination of chromium and nickel in zircaloys using microsamples

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