Determination of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with a Layered Double Hydroxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode as a Nanocatalyst

Abstract

We report a simple and sensitive voltammetric sensor for the determination of chlorpromazine (CPZ) based on Ni−Al layered double hydroxide (NiAlLDH) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). NiAlLDH was simply electrodeposited on GCE surface in a very short time. The response linear range was 1×10−3–1×10−9 mol L−1, with a detection limit of 1×10−9 mol L−1. The NiAlLDH film showed well defined and well separate peaks for dopamine, ascorbic acid, uric acid and CPZ in the same solution. The proposed electrode was used to measure the active pharmaceutical ingredient of CPZ tablet as a real sample.

Electrochemical Sensor Based on Electrodeposited Zinc-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Chlorpromazine Sensing

“…The results in Table III reveal that the developed electrode demonstrated lower values for repeatability and reproducibility (%RSD) compared to previously reported attributes in electrochemical sensors utilizing nanomaterials composed of Zn and Al for chlorpromazine detection. 20,21,35,37…”

“…In response to these challenges, some researchers have ventured into the development of electrochemical chlorpromazine sensors through the electrodeposition of Au/Cu nanoparticles onto acupuncture needles, Ni Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) onto glassy carbon (GC) substrates, and dual-monomer molecularly imprinted polymers onto Pt/Co 3 O 4 electrodes. 18,36,37 These innovative sensor platforms have demonstrated commendable stability and repeatability attributes, which can be attributed to the precise control over the uniformity and thickness of the electrodeposited material on the electrode surface, achieved through fine-tuning electrodeposition parameters.…”

“…Although only four electrochemical sensors for chlorpromazine detection based on Zn and Al, including ZnO/ZnMnO 3 , GO-Fe/ZnO, nZVI/Ni-Al LDH, and Ni-Al LDH, have been reported, their repeatability and reproducibility values range from 3.17% to 5% and from 2.26% to 7.2%, respectively. 20,21,35,37 These high percentage %RSD values could lead to unreliable and inconsistent measurements of chlorpromazine concentrations, potentially resulting in inaccurate decision-making. To the best of our knowledge, the use of electrodeposited Zn-Al LDH as an electrode modifier for chlorpromazine sensing remains unexplored.…”

An innovative experimental and mathematical approach in electrochemical sensing for mapping a drug sensor landscape

“…Of particular concern is the impact on nursing mothers, prompting the World Health Organization to designate CPH as unsafe, resulting in its prohibition in various countries. [9][10][11][12][13] Previous analytical techniques for CPH determination, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, 14 gas chromatography, 15 chemiluminescence, 16 potentiometry, 17 capillary zone electrophoresis, 18 and polarography, 19 suffer from limitations including high costs, time-consuming procedures, reliance on skilled personnel, and cumbersome extraction processes. Consequently, a rapid and straightforward detection method is imperative.…”