Determination of chlorine species by capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry

Abstract

The applicability of CZE with mass spectrometric detection for the determination of four chlorine species, namely chloride and three stable chlorine oxyanions, was studied. The main aspects of the proper selection of BGE and sheath liquid for the CE‐MS determinations of anions with high mobility were demonstrated, pointing out the importance of pH and the mobility of the anion in the BGE. The possibility of using uncoated fused silica capillary and common electrolytes for the separation was shown and the advantage of using extra pressure at the inlet capillary end was also presented. The linear range was found to be 1–100 µg/mL for ClO3− and ClO4−, 5–500 µg/mL for ClO2−, and 25–500 µg/mL for Cl−, but the sensitivity can be greatly improved if larger sample volume is injected and electrostacking effect is utilized. The LOD for ClO3− in drinking water was 6 ng/mL, when very large sample volume was injected (10 000 mbar·s was applied).

Enrichment-free analysis of anionic micropollutants in the sub-ppb range in drinking water by capillary electrophoresis-high resolution mass spectrometry

“…Studies have found that capillary electrophoresis might be complementary to HILIC in finding analytes and therefore useful to extend the range of charged analytes due to its separation mechanism based on the charge-to-size ratio [11]. However, CE was rarely applied for the analysis of pollutants in water analysis [12][13][14], which is mostly due to the weak concentration sensitivity. To some extent, this can be compensated by online preconcentration techniques such as inline-SPE [15] or stacking [16].…”

Spectroscopic/colorimetric dual-mode rapid and ultrasensitive detection of reactive oxygen species based on shape-dependent silver nanostructures

“…9 and it shows very good detection capability towards ClOc /− in the water samples compared to previous reports. [65][66][67]…”

Application of Capillary Electrophoresis for Determination of Inorganic Analytes in Waters

“…The LODs obtained were in the range of 1-3 ng•mL −1 . ESI-MS detection was also demonstrated for the determination of four chlorine species (ClO3 − , ClO2 − , ClO4 − , Cl − ), with LODs at the mg•L −1 level achieved [72].…”