Determination of chemical stability of propellants using the vacuum stability test method

Fidanovski, Bojana; Dimić, Mirjana; Milojković, Aleksandar; Rodić, Vesna

doi:10.5937/str1601018f

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The volume of gas liberated upon heating was greater than the stability limit of commercial nitrocellulose≤2 cm 3 g −1 (Fidanovski et al 2016) confirming that the improvised nitrocellulose is less stable than commercial nitrocellulose manufactured using common nitrating agents. The Vacuum Stability results from a commercial nitrocellulose containing 12.6% N showed a gas evolution of 1.7 cm 3 g −1 suggesting that the stability of improvised NC is slightly poorer than the commercial grade nitrocellulose (Table 3).…”

Section: Vacuum Stability Testmentioning

confidence: 87%

Stability and hazard properties of improvised nitrocellulose

Moniruzzaman

Houlihan

Parker

et al. 2023

Journal of Energetic Materials

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Nitrocellulose is a vulnerable and sensitive energetic material that can easily be manufactured from ordinary household chemicals and used for illicit purposes. Hazards of this material can lead to incidents resulting from unplanned initiation in manufacturing, storage or handling.Thermal stability and hazard data for so-called improvised nitrocellulose (IN) are crucial to formulate guidance for storage and handling of such materials recovered from illegal possession. This study focused on the energy content, stability and safety properties of IN. The energy contents increase linearly with nitrogen contents of IN. Improvised nitrocellulose showed a similar sensitivity to impact and electrostatic discharge, but vacuum stability testing demonstrated more gas release (2.8-3.4 cm 3 g −1 ) compared to commercial NC (1.7 cm 3 g −1 ). Chemiluminescence analysis established activation energies for hydrolytic and thermolytic decomposition to be 36 and ~93 kJ mol-1, respectively. Results suggest that NC samples recovered from improvised devices or illegal possession should be handled with special care.

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Section: Vacuum Stability Testmentioning

confidence: 87%

Stability and hazard properties of improvised nitrocellulose

Moniruzzaman

Houlihan

Parker

et al. 2023

Journal of Energetic Materials

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“…A Shimadzu spectrometer 8400S was used to analyze the propellant samples embedded in KBr pellets. All the sam-ples have been dried in advance for 4 h in an oven at 333.15 � 0.1 K. These conditions (drying time and temperature) were found optimal to remove moisture before the investigation of different types of propellants including double-base rocket propellants [23]. All the measurements have been carried out at room temperature.…”

Section: Ftir Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal Component Analysis of FTIR Data to Accurately Assess the Real/Equivalent In‐Service‐Times of Homogenous Solid Propellant

Chelouche

Benlemir

Soudani

2022

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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This study was devoted to setting up new methodologies for an accurate assessment of both real and equivalent in-service-times (RIST/EIST) of homogenous solid propellants (HSP) through a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Four double-base rocket propellants (DBRP) have been artificially aged at T = 338.65 K for 4 months with sampling every 20 days. FTIR showed that the homolytic scission of the O-NO 2 bonds and the hydrocarbon chains of the nitrate esters are the main processes occurring during the chemical decomposition. The scatter plot from PCA of FTIR spectra shows that over 93 % of the variance was described by the first principal component. Moreover, the loading plot designated the three characteristic FTIR bands from the nitro (NO 2 ) group as the most influenced by aging. A new PCA/FTIR experimental way was set to accurately assess the RIST of HSPs. The relative deviation associated with the RIST evaluated by the present procedure and those from the PCA/VST experimental way, recently developed, was found to range from 4.0 % to 6.7 %. Subsequently, a PCA/FTIR prediction model of the EIST is established. The predictions present a relative deviation of less than 7.1 % compared to the recent PCA/VST model. The accuracy of the model was further confirmed using similar DBRPs artificially aged for 6, 8, 10, and 12 months. The relative variation between the RIST provided by the PCA/FTIR procedure and the prediction model was found less than 5 %, thus confirming the highest accuracy of such combination.

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“…The mean particle size of about 300 μm was determined, and it was also found that two main sizes dominate (75 and 700 μm). In general, the method of determining the mean particle size of the mixture is complex and not reliable, and it is actual wherever the problem of small particles is present [10,11].…”

Section: Separation Of Different Mixture Granulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the ignition mixture particle size on rocket motor igniter pressure gradient

Gligorijević¹,

Nešić²,

Bogdanov³

et al. 2018

Sci Tech Rev

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The paper discusses the influence of ignition mixture granulation onto the regime of rocket motor ignition. Igniter tests were performed in manometric bomb and pressure distribution was measured. In each test different granulations of the same mixture in powder form were tested. After that, two different ignition mixture compositions in the form of pressed tablets were tested. Total masses of ignition mixtures were equal in all the tests. In the first series of the igniter tests, very carefully chosen different granulation of the powder was used in each test, with the particles in a narrow range. From one to another test, only the granulation of the mixture was changed. The purpose was to determine if there exists an influence of the mixture granulation onto the pressure gradient and thus also onto the regime of the rocket motor ignition. It turned out, surprisingly, that there were no visible differences in the regimes of pressure increase due to the different granulation of the ignition mixtures. In another series of tests the mixture was prepared in the form of pressed tablets, with various sizes from test to test. Two different mixtures were tested, and the mass of each single charge of the igniter was the same as in the first series of tests. It is shown that the form of the pressed tablets, as well as their composition, may considerably affect the mode of rocket motor ignition

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Determination of chemical stability of propellants using the vacuum stability test method

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Stability and hazard properties of improvised nitrocellulose

Stability and hazard properties of improvised nitrocellulose

Principal Component Analysis of FTIR Data to Accurately Assess the Real/Equivalent In‐Service‐Times of Homogenous Solid Propellant

Influence of the ignition mixture particle size on rocket motor igniter pressure gradient

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