Determination of approaches to the development of ceramic compositions for the manufacture of facial bricks

Abstract

This paper considers the principles of designing a composite mixture for the production of ceramic facing bricks based on clay materials. The complex of conducted researches allows establishing rational technological parameters of molding and firing of ceramic products to achieve high values of operational properties. Composite charges were obtained based on clays from Druzhkovsky and Zalyutinsky deposits, as well as on clay wastes of zircon-ilmenite sand enrichment from Vilnohirsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant. It was established that based on these materials by forming via the method of rigid extrusion and application of firing at temperatures of 1020–10400С, it is possible to fabricate a ceramic brick of grade not lower than M225.

Designing engobe coatings for ceramic bricks

“…The design of universal engobe coatings for various types of building ceramics (front, clinker) is a difficult task since these materials differ significantly in performance properties, the kinetics of shrinkage processes, and features of the formation of phase composition and structure [2,12]. The system «refractory clay -quartz sand -cullet» in a significant approximation makes it possible to cover almost all possible combinations of known engobe in terms of filling with clay, lean, and glass-forming components.…”

“…The ability of ceramic slurries to stratify due to proofing was also evaluated. This phenomenon is dangerous because it leads to deformation, uneven shrinkage, and the occurrence of additional internal stresses in the microstructure of the samples, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in performance properties [26].…”

“…Construction ceramics is the most common and demanded material used for the erection and cladding of buildings [1]. The products have high physical and mechanical properties, provide an optimal indoor climate, and do not emit toxic substances [2].…”