“…Several methods have been developed for this purpose including colorimetry, chromatography, chemiluminescence and spectrophotometry (Varanka et al 2001;Xie & Cui 2003;Naczk & Shahidi 2004;Pelozo et al 2008). Compared with those methods above, electrochemical techniques for tannic acid determination have some advantages such as: high sensitivity, accuracy, simplicity and low expense (Lu 2004;Xu et al 2009;Raj et al 2013;Vu et al 2013). Among carbon based electrodes, pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) have some advantages such as commercial availability with low cost, good mechanical rigidity, disposability, renewability, and ease of modification.…”
Vu D.L., Ertek B., Dilgin Y., Červenka L. (2015): Voltammetric determination of tannic acid in beverages using pencil graphite electrode. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 72-76.The pretreated pencil graphite electrode (Pre-PGE) prepared by a chronoamperometry technique was applied for the determination of tannic acid using anodic stripping differential pulse voltammetry. The currents obtained from voltammetry measurements at optimum conditions were linearly correlated with the concentration of tannic acid. Calibration curve was obtained for tannic acid in the concentration range of 5.0-500 × 10 -9 mol/l. The limit of detection was found to be 1.5 × 10 -9 mol/l. The content of tannic acid in beverage samples determined with Pre-PGE was in good agreement with that obtained by the standard spectrophotometric method.
“…Several methods have been developed for this purpose including colorimetry, chromatography, chemiluminescence and spectrophotometry (Varanka et al 2001;Xie & Cui 2003;Naczk & Shahidi 2004;Pelozo et al 2008). Compared with those methods above, electrochemical techniques for tannic acid determination have some advantages such as: high sensitivity, accuracy, simplicity and low expense (Lu 2004;Xu et al 2009;Raj et al 2013;Vu et al 2013). Among carbon based electrodes, pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) have some advantages such as commercial availability with low cost, good mechanical rigidity, disposability, renewability, and ease of modification.…”
Vu D.L., Ertek B., Dilgin Y., Červenka L. (2015): Voltammetric determination of tannic acid in beverages using pencil graphite electrode. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 72-76.The pretreated pencil graphite electrode (Pre-PGE) prepared by a chronoamperometry technique was applied for the determination of tannic acid using anodic stripping differential pulse voltammetry. The currents obtained from voltammetry measurements at optimum conditions were linearly correlated with the concentration of tannic acid. Calibration curve was obtained for tannic acid in the concentration range of 5.0-500 × 10 -9 mol/l. The limit of detection was found to be 1.5 × 10 -9 mol/l. The content of tannic acid in beverage samples determined with Pre-PGE was in good agreement with that obtained by the standard spectrophotometric method.
“…Lately, to improve the sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit and other features of CPE, modified carbon paste electrodes have been used. [40][41][42] Pyrogallol (PY) (Fig. 1) is an electroactive compound.…”
The electrooxidative behavior and determination of metformin hydrochloride, anti-hyperglycemic drug, on a pyrogallol modified carbon paste electrode were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Metformin hydrochloride shows an irreversible oxidation behavior over a wide interval of pH (Britton-Robinson buffers, pH 2-9). The peak current varied linearly in the range comprised between 8.0 × 10 -7 and 6.0 × 10 -6 mol/L with detection limit of 6.63 × 10 -8 mol/L and limit of quantification of 2.21 × 10 -7 mol/L. The method was proposed for the determination of metformin hydrochloride in dosage forms and urine.
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