Determination of anions in boiler blow-down water with ion chromatography

Stevens, Tim; Turkelson, V. T.; Albe, William R.

doi:10.1021/ac50016a030

Cited by 57 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Various chromatographic methods have been developed. Ion chromatography and various aspects of its application for sulfite determination are the most frequently reported in the literature [7,8] [9][10][11][12][13]. The use of reversed phase HPLC [14] and reversed phase ion-pairing HPLC [15] have also been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Biosensor for Sulfite Assay: Use of Water-Insoluble Hexacyanoferrate(III) Salts as Electron-Transfer Mediators

et al. 1998

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Water-insoluble salts of hexacyanoferrate(III) and cationic surface active agents were synthetized and used as electron-mediators for sulfite oxidase. The biosensor was prepared from a composite consisting of modified graphite (50 % w/w) and n-eicosane (50 % w/w). Graphite was modified with mediators or with both mediator and sulfite oxidase for surface-and bulk-modified electrode, respectively. The main advantage of biosensors with insoluble mediators is the possibility to operate at a potential of 0 mV (vs. SCE), thus less interferences are expected, in comparison to soluble hexacyanoferrate(III) where a potential of +300 mV must be used. The maximum sensitivity 7.8 × 10 ¹4 mA/mM was obtained for bulkmodified biosensor, prepared from graphite modified with 5 % w/w of hexadecyltrimethylammonium hexacyanoferrate(III) and 1.25 units/mg (of graphite) of sulfite oxidase. The sensitivity of the biosensor decreased to 24 % of the initial sensitivity after one month storage in dry state at ambient temperature. The use of trehalose as an enzyme stabilization agent has led to the improved stability: 40 % of the initial stability was retained after one month.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Biosensor for Sulfite Assay: Use of Water-Insoluble Hexacyanoferrate(III) Salts as Electron-Transfer Mediators

et al. 1998

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“…In this paper, analytical ion chromatography (Stevens et al 1977;Mueller et a1 1978;Laksana and Haddad 1993) was used to quantify soluble anions extracted from composts during composting and mushroom growth and from mushroom fruit bodies during cropping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Concentration of Soluble Anions in Compost During Composting and Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Growth

Iiyama

Stone

Macauley

1996

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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The changes in the concentration of nitrate, phosphate, chloride, sulphate, formate, acetate and oxalate anions extracted with water from conventional compost during composting and mushroom growth, and mushroom fruit bodies during cropping, were measured using an ion exchange chromatograph and a pulsed electrochemical detector. The addition of gypsum at Phase I in conventional composting dramatically increased the content of sulphate but lowered the content of oxalate (dry matter basis). Chloride in compost increased gradually during composting and mushroom growth probably due to its introduction in water used to irrigate the crop. Phosphate increased during the early stages of composting but decreased in spawning and fruit body formation. In fruit bodies, the relative content of boiling water extract decreased in successive flushes. Individual anions, acetate and oxalate increased steadily, phosphate and chloride decreased gradually and sulphate and nitrate first decreased steeply and then more slowly. Formate did not change. Phosphate, acetate, chloride and oxalate were higher in small buttons than in large buttons, but there were no differences for sulphate, nitrate or formate.

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“…A major breakthrough in IEC was the development of ion chromatography (IC) by Small et al (6), using a separator and suppressor columns in conjunction with conductometric detection. Several improvements in the separator and suppressor columns have been reported since (7)(8)(9)(10). Although generally less sensitive on an equivalent basis, single column nonsuppressed IC (11,12) was developed partly to overcome difficulties associated with the suppressor.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simultaneous independent analysis of anions and cations using indirect photometric chromatography

Iskandarani¹,

Miller²

1985

Anal. Chem.

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Determination of anions in boiler blow-down water with ion chromatography

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Composite Biosensor for Sulfite Assay: Use of Water-Insoluble Hexacyanoferrate(III) Salts as Electron-Transfer Mediators

Composite Biosensor for Sulfite Assay: Use of Water-Insoluble Hexacyanoferrate(III) Salts as Electron-Transfer Mediators

Changes in the Concentration of Soluble Anions in Compost During Composting and Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Growth

Simultaneous independent analysis of anions and cations using indirect photometric chromatography

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