Détermination des alcaloïdes tropaniques des graines duDatura stramoniumL. par CPG/SM et CL/SM

Abstract

Résumé -Introduction : Datura stramonium L., du nom local Chdeq ej-jmel, est utilisé en médecine traditionnelle marocaine. Matériels et méthodes : L'extrait organique issu des graines sèches réduites en poudre de Datura stramonium L. récoltées dans la région de Kénitra (ouest marocain) a été analysé par chromatographie gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Résultats : L'analyse a permis l'identification de huit alcaloïdes tropaniques, dont le 6-hydroxyatropine et le 6-hydroxyapoatropine qui sont détectés pour la première fois dans les graines de cette espèce. Par ailleurs, les analyses en chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse ont confirmé que l'atropine et la scopolamine sont les alcaloïdes majoritaires. Discussion et conclusion : Ces deux agents antimuscariniques sont responsables, selon la dose, de sédation ou de délires hallucinatoires recherchés par les usagers. Mots clés : Datura stramonium L., graines, alcaloïdes tropaniques, CPG-SM, CLHP-SM Abstract -Introduction: Datura stramonium L. (Chdeq ej-jmel)is a traditional medicine used in Morocco. Materials and methods: Qualitative analyses of the basic extract of tropane alkaloids in seeds of Datura stramonium L. collected in the region of Kénitra (west of Morroco) were carried out by GC/MS. Results and discussion: Eight tropane alkaloids were identified. Six of these alkaloids were described in previous works, and the other two (6-hydroxyatropine and 6-hydroxyapoatropine) are reported for the first time for this species in the present work. On the other hand, analyses by LC/MS confirmed that atropine and scopolamine are the main tropane alkaloids in seeds of Datura stramonium L. Conclusion: These two drugs are involved in the hallucinogenic and sedative effects of the plant.

Détermination des teneurs en atropine et scopolamine de différentes espèces sauvages et ornementales du genreDatura

“…De notre étude il ressort, comme cela a déjà été démontré par d'autres auteurs [20], que les teneurs varient en fonction de la partie de la plante, du lieu et de la période de récolte. Cette étude a été plus spécifiquement entreprise pour comparer les teneurs obtenues avec celles de l'espèce Datura wrightii, encore largement répandue dans les espaces publics urbains, et dont les rapports sur sa toxicité sont beaucoup plus méconnus.…”

Plant Seed Species Identification from Chemical Fingerprints: A High-Throughput Application of Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry

“…Nevertheless, all of the spectra exhibited peaks at m / z values having molecular formulas consistent with those of several compounds that have been isolated from Datura species (Table S-2). ,,− Prominent among them were psychotropic amine biomarkers and other related compounds including tyramine ( m / z 138), tropinone ( m / z 140), tropine ( m / z 142), scopoline ( m / z 156), dihydroxytropane ( m / z 158), trihydroxytropane ( m / z 174), scopoletine ( m / z 193), and hydroxydiethyloxytropane ( m / z 338). Also observed in every case, except for D. discolor and D. ferox , was a peak at m / z 290 corresponding to the formula C 17 N 23 NO 3 .…”

“…The compound was tentatively identified as scopolamine/hyoscine. This also represents an enantiomeric pair, and both molecules have been isolated from Datura spp. ,, The relative abundances of the m / z values representing the various tropane alkaloids observed for each species are presented in Table S-2.…”

“…The accurate mass data enabled determination of molecular formulas that were consistent with those of biomarkers and other compounds that have been previously reported in Datura species. 20, 22,46,47 Seeds from multiple vendors were used in order to demonstrate the ability to distinguish between species despite different harvesting conditions. The chemical fingerprints of the Datura species were reproducible, even in comparisons of the seeds from different vendors, which enabled discrimination between species.…”

“…In the work presented here, the seed chemical fingerprints of nine Datura species were obtained readily by DART-HR-TOF-MS without the need for extraction, derivatization, or other steps described as necessary in previous studies. ,− The analysis was straightforward. A seed was simply cut in half and positioned in the space between the ion source and mass spectrometer inlet with the sliced end of the seed facing the ion source.…”