Determination and Kinetics of Producing Glucosamine Using Fungi

Abstract

This work used three fungi, Rhizopus oligosorus BCRC 31996, Monascus pilosus BCRC31527, and Aspergillus sp. BCRC31742, to produce glucosamine by using submerged fermentation and flask cultures. The reaction of glucosamine with 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate as derivatizing agent was carried out in pyridine at 50 degrees C for 1 h. The derivative was accurately analyzed and quantified by using high performance liquid chromatography. The relative standard deviation of glucosamine determined between experimental and real values were less than 2%. The kinetic and strategy of producing glucosamine in a flask culture was investigated to achieve an optimum yield of glucosamine under different conditions including three kinds of fungi, medium, and pH values. The descending ability of producing glucosamine for the three fungi was Aspergillus sp. BCRC31742 > Monascus pilosus BCRC31527 > Rhizopus oligosorus BCRC 31996 under the conditions studied. The experimental result shows that the glucosamine concentration had an optimum value and was 3430 mg/L by using Aspergillus sp. BCRC31742 culture in glucose and peptone (GP) medium, the yield of which was the best amount using wild-type microorganisms in the past. The generation culture of fungi and the pH control played important roles in enhancing the yield of glucosamine. The specific growth rate of the microorganism and the biomass, content, yield, and productivity of glucosamine were calculated as well.

Effect of Oxygen Transfer and Pellet Size for Producing of Glucosamine Using Aspergillus sydowii BCRC 31742 Cultivated in a Fermenter

“…Also, using this kind of method to produce glucosamine can decrease the cost, and has minimal environmental impact. The researchers used the microorganisms to produce glucosamine, such as Ruiz-Teran et al [2] used Rhizopus oligosporus could get the glucosamine content about 107 mg/g CDW (cell dry weight); Carter et al [3] utilized Aspergillus sp in submerged fermentation could obtain the glucosamine content about 24.4 mg/g CDW; Yu et al [4] reported the glucosamine concentration in Monascus pilosus was 264 mg/L; Hsieh et al [5], the production of glucosamine using A. sydowii BCRC 31742 was 3.42 g/L; and Chang, et al [6] using A. sydowii BCRC 31742 can obtain 5.48 g/L and biomass of 21.6 g/L. It is the latest and highest production of glucosamine by using fungi.…”

“…Determination of fungal GlcN: Determination of fungal GlcN was carried out by means of HPLC and reported by our previous studies [5,14] wherein hydrochlorination process used conventional thermal method. The analytical HPLC column was a LiChrospher® 100 RP-18 endcappedcolumn (5 μm, 4 mm i.d.…”

Fungal Glucosamine: Production, Purification, and Characterization

“…Marine source of glucosamine has different drawbacks e.g. variations in composition under uncontrolled growth, seasonal and location dependency, heavy metal poisoning duo to contaminated oceans, and shellfish allergy for some of people (Bohlmann et al 2004;Hsieh et al 2007;Sitanggang et al 2012;Zhang et al 2012).…”

Optimization of glucose feeding approaches for enhanced glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine production by an engineered Escherichia coli

“…GlcN provides good regeneration of human joint cartilage and has been widely applied in clinical trials to relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis [4,10,11]. GlcN is currently extracted from crab and shrimp shells by acid hydrolysis of chitin, which is not environmentally friendly, and such production may become limited by variable raw material supply.…”

“…However, in the literature there are few studies regarding production of GlcN via microbial fermentation [2][3][4]. The fungus Aspergillus sp.…”