Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl<sub>3</sub>F) from FTIR solar spectra, <i>in situ</i> observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations

Abstract. Synthetic halogenated organic chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) play an important role in stratospheric ozone depletion and contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect. In this work, the mid-infrared solar spectra measured by ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to retrieve atmospheric CFC-11 (CCl3F) and CFC-12 (CCl2F2) at Hefei, China. The CFC-11 columns observed from January 2017 to December 2020 and CFC-12 columns from September 2015 to December 2020 show a similar annual decreasing trend and seasonal cycle, with an annual rate of -0.47±0.06 % yr−1 and -0.68±0.03 % yr−1, respectively. So the decline rate of CFC-11 is significantly lower than that of CFC-12. CFC-11 total columns were higher in summer, and CFC-12 total columns were higher in summer and autumn. Both CFC-11 and CFC-12 total columns reached the lowest in spring. Further, FTIR data of NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) candidate station Hefei were compared with the ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer) satellite data, WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model) data, and the data from other NDACC-IRWG (InfraRed Working Group) stations (St. Petersburg, Jungfraujoch, and Réunion). The mean relative difference between the vertical profiles observed by FTIR and ACE-FTS is -5.6±3.3 % and 4.8±0.9 % for CFC-11 and CFC-12 for an altitude of 5.5 to 17.5 km, respectively. The results demonstrate that our FTIR data agree relatively well with the ACE-FTS satellite data. The annual decreasing rate of CFC-11 measured from ACE-FTS and calculated by WACCM is -1.15±0.22 % yr−1 and -1.68±0.18 % yr−1, respectively. The interannual decreasing rates of atmospheric CFC-11 obtained from ACE-FTS and WACCM data are higher than that from FTIR observations. Also, the annual decreasing rate of CFC-12 from ACE-FTS and WACCM is -0.85±0.15 % yr−1 and -0.81±0.05 % yr−1, respectively, close to the corresponding values from the FTIR measurements. The total columns of CFC-11 and CFC-12 at the Hefei and St. Petersburg stations are significantly higher than those at the Jungfraujoch and Réunion (Maïdo) stations, and the two values reached the maximum in local summer or autumn and the minimum in local spring or winter at the four stations. The seasonal variability at the three stations in the Northern Hemisphere is higher than that at the station in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl₃F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations

Abstract: Analysis of the last 20 years ground-based FTIR time series of CFC-11 from NDACC stations in the northern and southern hemispheres confirm the slowdown in the CFC-11 atmospheric concentration decay, related to emissions from non-reported production.

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004–2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004–2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

First HFC-134a retrievals from ground-based FTIR solar absorption spectra, comparison with TOMCAT model simulations, in-situ AGAGE observations, and ACE-FTS satellite data for the Jungfraujoch station

Retrieval of atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 from high-resolution FTIR observations at Hefei and comparisons with other independent datasets

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Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl3F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations

Abstract: Analysis of the last 20 years ground-based FTIR time series of CFC-11 from NDACC stations in the northern and southern hemispheres confirm the slowdown in the CFC-11 atmospheric concentration decay, related to emissions from non-reported production.

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004–2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004–2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

First HFC-134a retrievals from ground-based FTIR solar absorption spectra, comparison with TOMCAT model simulations, in-situ AGAGE observations, and ACE-FTS satellite data for the Jungfraujoch station

Retrieval of atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 from high-resolution FTIR observations at Hefei and comparisons with other independent datasets

Contact Info

Product

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Determination and analysis of time series of CFC-11 (CCl₃F) from FTIR solar spectra, in situ observations, and model data in the past 20 years above Jungfraujoch (46°N), Lauder (45°S), and Cape Grim (40°S) stations