Determinants of prolonged hospitalization and mortality among leptospirosis patients attending tertiary care hospitals in northeastern state in Peninsular Malaysia: A cross sectional retrospective analysis

Hariri, Yassin K. Al; Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed; Khan, Amer Hayat; Adnan, Azreen Syazril; Al-Ebrahem, Sundos Q.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-355356/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Kematian penderita disebabkan karena penanganan penderita seringkali terlambat sehingga terjadi komplikasi pada organ tubuh yang menyulitkan penanganan secara medis. 3 Tikus dan sapi adalah hewan mamalia yang dapat menjadi reservoir leptospirosis di Indonesia. Berdasarkan studi di Bantul, tikus berpotensi besar menularkan leptospirosis di kawasan permukiman.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Hasil ini berbeda dengan penelitian yang dilakukan Al Hariri et al, yang menunjukan ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan leptospirosis dengan umur dan tingkat pendidikan. 3 Rendahnya pengetahuan petugas RPH dapat menurunkan kewaspadaan terhadap leptospirosis, seperti hasil studi petugas RPH di Jamaica diketahui karena pekerja tidak mengetahui leptospirosis, ada kecenderungan mereka untuk tidak melakukan tindakan pencegahan dalam melindungi diri dari penularan bakteri di tempat kerja. 24 Leptospirosis mudah menular melalui urin atau secret hewan terinfeksi serta air dan tanah yang terkontaminasi dengan bakteri Leptospira spp patogen.…”

Section: Diskusiunclassified

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Potensi Penularan Leptospirosis pada Petugas Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kota Salatiga

Pujiyanti

Putro

Kartikasari³

2023

Comm. Health. Epid. J

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Background: Slaughterhouse workers have a risk of contracting leptospirosis because of daily contact with animal blood and urine. The purpose of the study was to describe the incidence of leptospirosis and measure the level of knowledge of workers and examine the relationship between demographic characteristics, the knowledge and the prevention behavior of leptospirosis.Methods: All technical staff of Slaughterhouse at Salatiga (30 people) were selected as participants. Data was collected in July 2016 through structured interviews. Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was used to test the workers serum for leptospirosis. Data were analyzed using the Fisher-exact test. Result: According to the findings, most respondents were male, between the ages of 26 and 50, and had low education background. Most respondents are unaware that leptospirosis is a serious disease and 73.3 percent of respondents had never heard of leptospirosis. The majority of participants reported negative MAT values. The majority of Slaughterhouse workers have never heard of leptospirosis and have little awareness of leptospirosis preventive methods, so they may be at risk of having the infection.Conclusion: There is no leptospirosis incidence in Slaughterhouse Salatiga, however, one worker had a history of leptospirosis exposure.There was no significant relationship between age, gender, and education level with knowledge and behavior, but the knowledge was significantly correlated with leptospirosis prevention behavior. Slaughterhouse officers are advised to receive health education about leptospirosis prevention to increase awareness of the need for self-protection in the workplace.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Section: Diskusiunclassified

Potensi Penularan Leptospirosis pada Petugas Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kota Salatiga

Pujiyanti

Putro

Kartikasari³

2023

Comm. Health. Epid. J

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“…Moreover, we would like to thank the staff of medical records at HUSM and HRBZII for their assistance in retrieving patients' medical records. The content of the current manuscript was previously appeared online as a preprint in the Research Square (93).…”

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confidence: 99%

Determinants of prolonged hospitalization and mortality among leptospirosis patients attending tertiary care hospitals in northeastern state in peninsular Malaysia: A cross sectional retrospective analysis

et al. 2022

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BackgroundLeptospirosis is the most common anthropozoonosis worldwide and imposes a major public health problem in many tropical countries. It is a leading cause of disease burden in form of mortality, morbidity and hospital admission. Identifying patients at high risk for mortality or for prolonged hospitalization may save lives and preserve economy. The aim of the current study is to identify significant factors associated with disease mortality and prolonged hospitalization.DesignCress-sectional retrospective study.SettingsTertiary care teaching hospitals in Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia.ParticipantsAdult patients proven to have leptospirosis depending on IgM ELISA were classified into two classes depending on prolonged hospitalization (>7 days or ≤ 7 days) and mortality (fatal cases or non-fatal cases). Patients' clinico-laboratory data were compared according to these two outcomes using the appropriate statistical test.ResultsOf the 525 patients enrolled, 136 (25.9%) had prolonged hospitalization. The mean length of stay was 6.77 ± 5.68 days. Logistic regression analysis identified acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR 2.3), Jaundice (OR 2.7), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR 2), and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) (OR 1.9) independently associated with prolonged hospitalization. Case fatality rate was 6.48% and around one third of fatal cases had prolonged hospitalization of more than seven days. Factors associated with leptospirosis mortality included age >40 years (p < 0.001), patients presented with tachypnea (p = 0.002), pulmonary infiltrate (p < 0.001), T-wave changes (p < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (p = 0.013), conducting abnormality (p < 0.001), chronic kidney diseases (p < 0.001), multiple organ dysfunctions (p < 0.0010), respiratory failure (p < 0.001), pneumonia (p < 0.001), sepsis (p = 0.004), low venous PH (p = 0.042), AKI (P < 0.001), elevated AST (p < 0.001) or ALT (p = 0.004), hypoalbuminemia (p < 0.001), rhabdomyolysis (p < 0.001), severe thrombocytopenia (p = 0.042), prolonged PT (p < 0.001) or prolonged aPTT (p < 0.017).ConclusionsSignificant proportion of leptospirosis patients (25.9%) had prolonged hospital stay and less proportion died (6.48%). Early identifying patients with factors associated with prolonged hospitalization and death will positively impact practitioners' decisions regarding the proper and fast course of management including ICU admission.

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A Case-Control Study of Behavioural and Social Predictors of Severe Leptospirosis in a Tertiary Care Centre, Central Kerala

Sukumaran,

Biju

2023

EJMED

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Leptospirosis is a globally important zoonotic disease. The disease is caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Infections result from direct or indirect exposure to infected reservoir animals that carry the pathogen in their renal tubules and shed pathogenic leptospirosis in the urine. This study was conducted to assess the social and behavioural predictors of severe Leptospirosis and to study the clinical profile and outcome of patients with severe leptospirosis .148 patients with leptospirosis were divided into severe and non-severe groups. The majority of our study population had risk factors like contact with soil or water through barefoot, farming, swimming, cattle rearing, contact with sewage and stagnant rainwater. Conditions such as inadequate access to safe drinking water and sanitation services, poor personal hygiene practices, low levels of literacy, and lack of access to health services, contribute to increased vulnerability to infection and work against prevention efforts. Severity predictor factors are Cut or injury prior to symptoms, NSAID intake for fever and Myalgia from the periphery, late referral and late initiation of antibiotics, acute kidney injury, pancreatitis, myocarditis, thrombocytopenia, ARDS, acute liver injury, platelet less than 50,000 and prolonged INR. Knowledge about risk factors for severe leptospirosis can improve prevention and control measures to mitigate the incidence of severe cases.

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Determinants of prolonged hospitalization and mortality among leptospirosis patients attending tertiary care hospitals in northeastern state in Peninsular Malaysia: A cross sectional retrospective analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Potensi Penularan Leptospirosis pada Petugas Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kota Salatiga

Potensi Penularan Leptospirosis pada Petugas Rumah Pemotongan Hewan di Kota Salatiga

Determinants of prolonged hospitalization and mortality among leptospirosis patients attending tertiary care hospitals in northeastern state in peninsular Malaysia: A cross sectional retrospective analysis

A Case-Control Study of Behavioural and Social Predictors of Severe Leptospirosis in a Tertiary Care Centre, Central Kerala

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