“…The idiosyncratic volatility has been estimated in different methods and frequencies in the previous studies. For instance, Bali, Engle and Murray (2016) estimate the idiosyncratic volatility on the basis of, one month, three months, six months, twelve months, one year, two years, three years and five years while Kumari et al (2017), Fu (2009), Pukthuanthong- Le and Visaltanachoti (2009) and Xu and Malkiel (2003) estimate the idiosyncratic volatility on a monthly basis. Furthermore, in certain previous studies, one month lagged idiosyncratic volatility has been used to estimate the idiosyncratic volatility (Ang et al, 2006(Ang et al, , 2009Bali & Cakici, 2008;Bali, Engle & Murray, 2016;Malagon et al, 2015).…”