Determinants of feeding territory size in the corallivorous butterflyfish, Chaetodon multicinctus

Tricas, Timothy C.

doi:10.1016/0003-3472(89)90067-5

Cited by 105 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hence, anything passed in the fish's feces would have a high probability of landing on the reef before being dispersed by water motion. In addition, butterflyfishes are long-lived, remaining within their territories or home ranges for many years (Reese 1975, Tricas 1985, 1989a. This long residence time would allow a constant supply of fecal output to the corals in their areas through time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are coral predators that maintain territories or home ranges within a small area of the reef. They swim from colony to colony feeding repeatedly on the corals within their territories (Reese 1975, Hourigan 1987, Tricas 1989a, Kosaki 1999. A diseased coral located in a butterflyfish's territory, could be a source of the disease agent(s), with the fish acting as vector, transferring it to other colonies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting susceptibility of the coral Montastraea faveolata to black-band disease

Aeby¹,

Santavy²

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

121

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Black-band disease affects many species of tropical reef-building corals, but it is unclear what factors contribute to the disease-susceptibility of individual corals or how the disease is transmitted between colonies. Studies have suggested that the ability of black-band disease to infect coral is enhanced by different stressors. We examined the effect of both water temperature and mechanical injury on the ability of this disease to infect the reef coral Montastraea faveolata, and investigated the possibility of an interaction between the 2 stressors. Under laboratory conditions, Phormidium corallyticum was able to successfully invade all injured fragments but no uninjured fragments of M. faveolata, irrespective of temperature regime. We also determined whether the local coral-feeding butterflyfish Chaetodon capistratus was involved in the inter-colony transfer of black-band disease. In aquaria, the presence of C. capistratus increased the rate at which the disease spread from infected to non-infected fragments of M. faveolata. Both corals that were protected from and those that were exposed to fish predation contracted the disease. Hence, either direct oral transmission of the pathogen from colony to colony and/or indirect fecal transmission could be occurring. Variables such as potential stressors and/or disease vectors on a reef could contribute to the patterns of blackband disease observed in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting susceptibility of the coral Montastraea faveolata to black-band disease

Aeby¹,

Santavy²

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

121

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“…When intruders enter territories, they take food but do not challenge residents for ownership, and residents do not lose ownership to intruders (cf. Davies & Houston 1981;Tricas 1989;Carpenter et al 1993b;Temeles 1994). Residents inhabit their territories for a finite period of time, and they can accurately predict the duration of residency and the time when they will abandon their territories.…”

Section: Model Formulation and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When should a territory resident attack?

2001

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Models of territorial defence tend to omit two characteristics of many territorial systems: repeated intrusions by the same individual and the learning processes of residents and intruders. Here we present state-dependent, dynamic models of feeding territories, designed to investigate temporal patterns of resident aggression towards intruders that are capable of spatial learning. We compare two types of models: (1) a nomadic intruder model, in which intruders never visit the same territory twice, and (2) a single, repeat intruder model, in which an intruder may repeatedly intrude into a given territory but is less likely to do so after being attacked. These two models produce qualitatively and quantitatively different patterns of aggression by residents. For instance, residents with intruders that may repeatedly intrude have high initial attack rates, regardless of initial probability of intrusion, but their attack rates decline over time. In contrast, residents in the nomadic intruder model do not attack intruders if intrusion rates are moderately high, and their attack rates are constant and high for most of the period of territory tenure. In addition, residents of both nomadic and repeat intruder scenarios stopped attacking intruders for a short period before voluntarily abandoning their feeding territories. The results of our models suggest that repeated intrusions and learning processes have a dramatic effect on territorial defence.  2001 The Association for the Study of Animal BehaviourFor many years, models have played an important role in advancing our understanding of the role of aggression in territorial species. However, a dichotomy has arisen between models investigating territories and models investigating aggressive behaviour. Most territory models focus on an individual versus the rest of the population, and consider such questions as when space should be defended, how much space should be defended, or what shape a territory should be (e.g.

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“…Many species of butterflyfishes defend feeding territories that are contiguous with conspecific pairs or groups and involve little overt aggression (Hourigan, 1989;Roberts and Ormond, 1992). Further, a positive correlation was found for male body size and territory area in a related chaetodontid fish (Tricas, 1989) and it is possible that size may be related to resource holding potential in forcepsfish as well. In addition to visual cues, size-related variation in duration and SPL of forcepsfish sounds may potentially aid receivers in recognition of familiar individuals (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sound production in the longnose butterflyfishes (genusForcipiger): cranial kinematics, muscle activity and honest signals

Boyle

Tricas

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYMany teleost fishes produce sounds for social communication with mechanisms that do not involve swim bladder musculature. Such sounds may reflect physical attributes of the sound-production mechanism, be constrained by body size and therefore control signal reliability during agonistic behaviors. We examined kinematics of the cranium, median fins and caudal peduncle during sound production in two territorial chaetodontid butterflyfish sister species: forcepsfish (Forcipiger flavissimus) and longnose butterflyfish (F. longirostris). During intraspecific agonistic encounters, both species emit a single pulse sound that precedes rapid cranial rotation at velocities and accelerations that exceed those of prey strikes by many ram-and suction-feeding fishes. Electromyography showed that onsets of activity for anterior epaxialis, sternohyoideus, A1 and A2 adductor mandibulae muscles and sound emission are coincident but precede cranial elevation. Observations indicate that sound production is driven by epaxial muscle contraction whereas a ventral linkage between the head and pectoral girdle is maintained by simultaneous activity from the adductor mandibulae and sternohyoideus. Thus, the girdle, ribs and rostral swim bladder are pulled anteriorly before the head is released and rotated dorsally. Predictions of the hypothesis that acoustic signals are indicators of body size and kinematic performance were confirmed. Variation in forcepsfish sound duration and sound pressure level is explained partly by cranial elevation velocity and epaxial electromyogram duration. Body size, however, explains most variation in duration and sound pressure level. These observed associations indicate that forcepsfish sounds may be accurate indicators of size and condition that are related to resource holding potential during social encounters. Supplementary material available online at

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Determinants of feeding territory size in the corallivorous butterflyfish, Chaetodon multicinctus

Cited by 105 publications

References 31 publications

Factors affecting susceptibility of the coral Montastraea faveolata to black-band disease

Factors affecting susceptibility of the coral Montastraea faveolata to black-band disease

When should a territory resident attack?

Sound production in the longnose butterflyfishes (genusForcipiger): cranial kinematics, muscle activity and honest signals

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