Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers in Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the most cost-effective intervention to reduce infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is crucial since human milk contains nutrients, living cells, and defensive factors which enable infants to have better immunity, physical and mental development. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the predictors of exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers in Ethiopia using Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 data. Methods EDHS 2016 data were used for the analysis. A total of 1,066 mothers were included in the analysis. The binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of EBF practice among mothers. The result presented using adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of EBF was 58% of infants under age 6 months. Mothers age 25–34 (AOR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.31–2.32), child age 4–5 months (AOR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.66–0.84), married marital status (AOR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.06–1.50), mothers attained secondary education or higher (AOR = 2.00; 95% CI 1.54–2.58), husband attained secondary education or higher (AOR = 1.70; 1.39–2.13), richer wealth index (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.18–0.69), accessed to the media (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.38–2.27), number of living children 3–4 (AOR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.25–0.95), health facility (AOR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.09–3.20), rural residence (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.49–0.89) and mothers living in Afar (AOR = 100.2; 95% CI 15.68–640.61), Somali (AOR = 52.65; 95% CI 8.48–326.77), SNNPR (AOR = 6.94; 95% CI 1.05–45.79), Harari (AOR = 61.94; 95% CI 9.75–393.44), Addis Ababa (AOR = 13.07; 95% CI 2.06–82.99), and Dire Dawa (AOR = 28.91; 95% CI 4.38–190.86) were associated with EBF practice. Conclusions The practice of exclusive breastfeeding remains low in Ethiopia. Therefore, the stakeholders should be taken into consideration those determinant factors identified in this study in policies and programmes to increase EBF practice among mothers. Moreover, designing and implementing specific strategies to enhance the rate of exclusive breastfeeding practices through community-based education is recommended.

Predictors of delayed initiation of breast milk and exclusive breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A multi-level mixed-effect analysis

“…Women who received formal education were less likely to engage in EBF compared to those who did not attend any formal education. This observation aligns with previous research conducted in Ethiopia [ 19 , 57 , 62 ]. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that when women have higher levels of education, the likelihood of pursuing employment increases, which compromises their ability to stay at home and practice EBF.…”

“…It is also consistent to study employed in Northern Gahana [ 56 ]. Notably, this study reported a higher EBF proportion compared to studies conducted in Ethiopia, including Ahmed et al (59.9%) [ 16 ], EDHS 2016 (58%) [ 57 ], Somali region (52%) [ 58 ], Mecha district (47.13%) [ 59 ], and Axum town (40.9%) [ 37 ]. The variation observed could be attributed to differences in the study population, timeframes, and settings.…”

Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice among mothers with infants under-six months in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey

“…There hasn't been much progress, despite Ethiopia's government's best efforts to encourage and enforce exclusive breastfeeding for babies under six months of age the Ethiopian national gure shows that it has only 1% increase from 2016 (58%) to 2019 (59%) (12). This could be due to various contributing characteristics which may be related with infant, mother's socio-economic, demographic, obstetric and health care factors related to infant and mother such as: age of infant, sex of child, birth order, time of initiation, birth interval, age of mother, sex of head of the household, marital status, maternal educational level religion, household wealth index, family size, counseling service, type of birth, antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC), place of delivery, mode of delivery, and place of residence (3,4,11,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

“…Different studies indicated various factors that could signi cantly in uence EBF practices. A study conducted in Ethiopia showed that the female infants (22), infant aged 0-1month and 2-3 months (16, 25), being a single birth (16), breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth (16, 17), mothers having secondary and higher education (19,20,23), women age 25-34 years (20), married mothers (18, 20), richer household wealth index (21,22,25), mothers having ANC visits (16,18,19,21,22,26,27), postnatal care checkup (13,16,18,21,23,26), deliveries at health facilities (13,19,20,23,26,28) receive breastfeeding counseling (17,18,25,27,28), urban residence (20) were positively associated with EBF practice among under-6 month infants. In contrary studies conducted in Ethiopia showed that the children aged 4-5 months (15), urban residences (19,26), women age 35-49 years (24), family size of more than 5 (19,20), caesarean births (15,19,21), richer household wealth status (14,20), residing in Afar region (15), and residing in Somali regi...…”

Determinan Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua terhadap Pemberian ASI Secara Ekslusif di Indonesia: Study Literature

“…Makanan pertama alami bayi adalah air susu ibu (ASI), yang memberi mereka nutrisi dan energi yang mereka butuhkan selama enam bulan pertama (Sosseh et al, 2023). Dengan mengurangi biaya perawatan kesehatan serta morbiditas dan kematian bayi, pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan strategi kesehatan masyarakat yang penting untuk meningkatkan kesehatan ibu dan anak (Muluneh, 2023). Setiap tahun, 1,4 juta kematian anak-anak di bawah usia lima tahun dapat dihindari dengan menggalakan pemberian ASI pada anak (Gebeyehu et al, 2023).…”