“…Table 2 shows that in all 22 studies the predictor (IC) had a significant positive effect on the outcome (IAB) variable with a beta (β) coefficient value ranging from 0.205 to 0.99. Among them, five studies (Cheung et al, 2009;Jin et al, 2016;Luo et al, 2013;Reyes-Menendez et al, 2019;Sardar et al, 2021) had high, 10 studies (Chang and Wu, 2014;Daowd et al, 2020;Fang, 2014;Filieri and McLeay, 2013;Gan et al, 2017;Jiang et al, 2021;Kol et al, 2021;Putri et al, 2020;Salehi-Esfahani et al, 2016;Tien et al, 2019) moderate, while seven studies (Chih et al, 2020;Cho and Chan, 2021;G€ okerik et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2014;Wang and Chen, 2019;Wang et al, 2017;Zhang and Watts, 2008) showed a low effect of IC on the IAB. The results of p-statistics values were significant at p > 0.001 in ten, p > 0.01 in eight, p > 0.02 in one, p > 0.05 in two and nonsignificant levels appeared in one study.…”