Determinants of Anger and Physical Aggression Based on Sexual Orientation: An Experimental Examination of Hypermasculinity and Exposure to Male Gender Role Violations

Parrott, Dominic J.; Zeichner, Amos

doi:10.1007/s10508-007-9194-z

Cited by 58 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…En cambio, los chicos presentan más prejuicios hacia los homosexuales, incluso en edades tempranas (Poteat y Anderson, 2012). Este prejuicio podría estar ligado con la rigidez de los roles de género, el sentido de la masculinidad y, sobre todo, de la antifeminidad (Parrott, 2009;Parrott y Zeichner, 2008). Algunos hombres heterosexuales perciben a los gays como una amenaza a su masculinidad (Carnaghi, Maass y Fasoli, 2011;Glick, Gangl, Gibb, Klumpner y Weinberg, 2007), ya que asocian la homosexualidad con lo femenino y eso hace que la masculinidad, que consideran inherente en los hombres, pierda fuerza y se vea como difusa (Carnaghi y cols., 2011).…”

Section: Analisis Estadísticosunclassified

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Comportamientos homosexuales en jóvenes heterosexuales: diferencias de género

Nebot-García¹,

García-Barba²,

Juliá³

et al. 2018

AgoraSalut

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rafael BalleSter-arNal rballest@uji.es resumen introducción: Tradicionalmente, la sexualidad se ha construido desde una perspectiva rígida que ha dificultado su expresión y vivencia en nuestra sociedad. La orientación sexual ha sido una de las dimensiones más afectadas por una dicotomización forzada. Sin embargo, la experiencia real de las personas parece ser mucho más compleja. método: Los participantes cumplimentaron un Cuestionario ad hoc sobre Orientación Sexual desarrollado por Salusex-Unisexsida. De la muestra total, se seleccionaron aquellos jóvenes que se autoidentificaron como heterosexuales (N=514). La edad promedio fue de 21 años (DT=2,24), siendo el 25,3% hombres y el 74,7% mujeres. resultados: El 28,4% de mujeres y el 18,5% de hombres autoidentificados como heterosexuales siente algún tipo de atracción sexual hacia personas de su mismo sexo (p=0,016). También se observa mayor disposición de las mujeres heterosexuales a tener conductas homosexuales como besos (Hombre=43,1%, Mujer=84,1%; p=0,000), caricias (Hombre=14,6%, Mujer=39,6%; p=0,000) o recibir sexo oral (Hombre=16,9%, Mujer=25,8%; p=0,008). No obstante, no existen diferencias de género en cuanto a la realización de prácticas homosexuales, es decir, el 4,6% de hombres y el 3,6% de mujeres heterosexuales las han practicado (p=0,394). Conclusiones: Se observa cómo la sexualidad es más compleja de lo que se estimaba tradicionalmente. Los jó-venes heterosexuales, manifiestan conductas homosexuales en el plano de la atracción, la intención de conducta y la realización de la misma. En línea con otros estudios, las mujeres muestran mayor prevalencia en atracción e intención de conducta homosexual, mientras que no hay diferencias en las conductas entre hombres y mujeres.palabras clave: orientación homosexual, conducta homosexual, atracción homosexual, diferencias de género, jóvenes heterosexuales. 60 àGora de Salut. Vol. V. iSSN: 2443-9827. doi: httP://dx.doi.orG/10.6035/aGoraSalut.2018.5.6 -PP. 59-68 Abstract introduction: Traditionally, sexuality has been built from a rigid perspective which has complicated its expression and experience in our society. Sexual orientation has been one of the most affected dimensions by a forced dichotomisation. Nevertheless, the real experience seems to be much more complex. method: The participants completed an ad hoc Sexual Orientation Questionnaire, which was developed by Salusex-Unisexsida. From the overall sample we selected those young people who identified themselves as heterosexuals (N=514). The mean age was 21,0 (DT=2,24): 25,3% participants were male and 74,7% female. results: 28,4% of women and 18,5% of men self-identified as heterosexual feel a kind of attraction towards the same sex people (p=0,016). Heterosexual women are more likely to show a homosexual behaviour such as giving kisses (Male=43,1%, Female=84,1%; p=0,000), caresses (Male=14,6%, Female=39,6%; p=0,000) or receiving oral sex (Male=16,9%, Female=25,8%; p=0,008). However, no differences by gender were found with regard to the realization of h...

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Section: Analisis Estadísticosunclassified

“…Esto a menos que las prácticas homosexuales se sitúen dentro de algún juego (Esterline y Galupo, 2013). Todos estos prejuicios provocan emociones negativas y agresividad hacia los homosexuales (Glick y cols., 2007;Parrott, 2009;Parrott y Zeichner, 2005;Parrott y Zeichner, 2008).…”

Section: Analisis Estadísticosunclassified

Comportamientos homosexuales en jóvenes heterosexuales: diferencias de género

Nebot-García¹,

García-Barba²,

Juliá³

et al. 2018

AgoraSalut

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“…And several studies have suggested that, in general, adopting masculine traits encourages a masculine pattern of sexual behavior for both men and women. Hypermasculinity in men has been associated with genderbased violence against women (e.g., Mahalik et al, 2005) as well as with antigay anger and aggression (Parrott & Zeichner, 2008). Some research has focused on the relation between gender identity and HIV risk/protective behavior and this relation turns out to be complex: masculinity may protect women through the workings of higher self-efficacy but may on the other hand cause more risk because of masculine behaviors such as a higher number of partners and the use of drugs with sex (Lucke, 1998).…”

Section: Subject-related Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing Gender in Sex and Sex Research

Vanwesenbeeck

2009

Arch Sex Behav

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Gender is central to sexuality, and vice versa, but there are a number of difficulties with the treatment of gender in sex research. Apparently, it is hard to find a balance between two conflicting needs. First, obviously, it is necessary to make distinctions between women and men, for political as well as research-technical and theoretical reasons. A second requirement, at odds with the first one, is the necessity to understand gender and its relation to sexuality and the body as much more complex than simplistically referring to two sets of individuals. This is all the more necessary when one realizes the possible drawbacks of exaggerating the differences between the sexes (in particular when they are biologically explained), because of stereotyping, stigmatizing, and expectancy confirmatory processes. This essay identifies and discusses 10 difficulties in the treatment of gender in sex research, reflects on their origins, and reviews theory and evidence with the aim to (1) consider the relative strength of gender/sex as an explanatory variable compared to other factors and processes explaining differences between men and women on a number of sexual aspects, (2) inform an understanding of gender and its relation to sexuality as an ongoing, open-ended, multi-determined, situated, interactional process, with the body as a third player, and (3) argue in favor of a nuanced, well-balanced treatment of gender in sex research.

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“…However, the extent to which these attitudes translate into negative emotional or behavioral responses toward sexual minorities is of equal, if not greater, social importance. To this end, research indicates that endorsement of traditional male gender role beliefs predicts increased anger and aggression toward gay, but not heterosexual, men (Parrott and Zeichner 2008). Similarly, experimental and correlational studies have demonstrated that heterosexual men's self-reported sexual prejudice predicts increased anger and bias-motivated aggression toward gay men (Bernat et al 2001;Franklin 2000;Parrott and Zeichner 2005;Patel et al 1995;Roderick et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Accounts for Heterosexual Women’s Negative Emotional Responses to Lesbians?: Examination of Traditional Gender Role Beliefs and Sexual Prejudice

Parrott

Gallagher

2008

Sex Roles

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This study examined a pathway to heterosexual women's experience of anger and anxiety in response to lesbian interactions. Participants were 149 18-30 year old heterosexual female undergraduates (56% African American) from a southeastern United States university. Participants completed measures of female gender role beliefs, sexual prejudice, and state affect, viewed a video depicting relationship behavior between a female-female or male-female dyad, and again completed a measure of state affect. Results indicated that traditional beliefs about women were associated with higher levels of sexual prejudice toward lesbians. In turn, higher levels of sexual prejudice predicted increased anger (not anxiety) in response to the female-female, but not the male-female, dyad. Findings elucidate determinants of heterosexual women's anger, and potentially aggression, toward lesbians.

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Determinants of Anger and Physical Aggression Based on Sexual Orientation: An Experimental Examination of Hypermasculinity and Exposure to Male Gender Role Violations

Cited by 58 publications

References 56 publications

Comportamientos homosexuales en jóvenes heterosexuales: diferencias de género

Comportamientos homosexuales en jóvenes heterosexuales: diferencias de género

Doing Gender in Sex and Sex Research

What Accounts for Heterosexual Women’s Negative Emotional Responses to Lesbians?: Examination of Traditional Gender Role Beliefs and Sexual Prejudice

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