Determinants of a Simulated Cross-Country Skiing Sprint Competition using V2 Skating Technique on Roller Skis

Mikkola, Jussi; Laaksonen, Marko S.; Holmberg, Hans‐Christer; Vesterinen, Ville; Nummela, Ari

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181cbaaaf

Cited by 31 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This assumption is not obviously correct, because beta oxidation in the mitochondria is shown to be affected by pH. Earlier studies of sprint skiing showed no significant differences in mean or peak oxygen uptake across heats 21,33,34. Finally, other factors affect recovery, such as muscular and neuromuscular fatigue, but were not considered in these analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mathematical simulation of energy expenditure and recovery during sprint cross-country skiing

Moxnes¹,

Moxnes²

2014

OAJSM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeA cross-country sprint competition relies on maximal effort durations of 3–4 minutes. Significant anaerobic energy contribution is expected. Anaerobic energy contribution has been estimated in different sports to date from the accumulated O2 deficit. However, the O2-deficit model can be questioned. We investigate anaerobic energy contribution by applying other methods than the O2 deficit.MethodsTheoretical model development.ResultsFor sprint cross-country competitions, the anaerobic energy contribution was 20%–25% independent of the employed mathematical model. Recovery times of a minimum 20 minutes were found to be required after sprint races to be sure that the performance in subsequent heats was not influenced.ConclusionThe O2-deficit model gave anaerobic energy results in agreement with other models from the literature. Recovery times of a minimum 20 minutes were found to be required after sprint races to be sure that the performance in subsequent heats was not influenced.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mathematical simulation of energy expenditure and recovery during sprint cross-country skiing

Moxnes¹,

Moxnes²

2014

OAJSM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although analyses of simulated sprint skiing have recently been performed both during roller skiing (Mikkola et al 2010; Stoggl et al 2007; Vesterinen et al 2009) and on snow (Andersson et al 2010; Zory et al 2006, 2009), an actual sprint competition has not yet been examined. In distance races, approximately 50% of total skiing time involves moving uphill and this is generally regarded as the major determinant of performance (Bergh and Forsberg 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a sprint ski race and associated laboratory determinants of world-class performance

et al. 2010

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This investigation was designed to analyze the time-trial (STT) in an international cross-country skiing sprint skating competition for (1) overall STT performance and relative contributions of time spent in different sections of terrain, (2) work rate and kinematics on uphill terrain, and (3) relationships to physiological and kinematic parameters while treadmill roller ski skating. Total time and times in nine different sections of terrain by 12 world-class male sprint skiers were determined, along with work rate and kinematics for one specific uphill section. In addition, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), gross efficiency (GE), peak speed (Vpeak), and kinematics in skating were measured. Times on the last two uphill and two final flat sections were correlated to overall STT performance (r = ~−0.80, P < 0.001). For the selected uphill section, speed was correlated to cycle length (r = −0.75, P < 0.01) and the estimated work rate was approximately 160% of peak aerobic power. VO2peak, GE, Vpeak, and peak cycle length were all correlated to STT performance (r = ~−0.85, P < 0.001). More specifically, VO2peak and GE were correlated to the last two uphill and two final flat section times, whereas Vpeak and peak cycle length were correlated to times in all uphill, flat, and curved sections except for the initial section (r = ~−0.80, P < 0.01). Performances on uphill and flat terrain in the latter part were the most significant determinants of overall STT performance. Peak oxygen uptake, efficiency, peak speed, and peak cycle length were strongly correlated to overall STT performance, as well as to performance in different sections of the race.

show abstract

“…Moreover, in the shorter sprint races, gross efficiency and peak/maximal speed influence performance significantly (Mikkola et al 2010; Sandbakk et al 2010a, b; Stöggl et al 2007; Vesterinen et al 2009). Accordingly, highly trained sprint skiers are appropriate subjects for the evaluation of gender differences with respect to both speed and endurance of whole-body exercise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in the physiological responses and kinematic behaviour of elite sprint cross-country skiers

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gender differences in performance by elite endurance athletes, including runners, track cyclists and speed skaters, have been shown to be approximately 12%. The present study was designed to examine gender differences in physiological responses and kinematics associated with sprint cross-country skiing. Eight male and eight female elite sprint cross-country skiers, matched for performance, carried out a submaximal test, a test of maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) and a shorter test of maximal treadmill speed (Vmax) during treadmill roller skiing utilizing the G3 skating technique. The men attained 17% higher speeds during both the VO2max and the Vmax tests (P < 0.05 in both cases), differences that were reduced to 9% upon normalization for fat-free body mass. Furthermore, the men exhibited 14 and 7% higher VO2max relative to total and fat-free body mass, respectively (P < 0.05 in both cases). The gross efficiency was similar for both gender groups. At the same absolute speed, men employed 11% longer cycles at lower rates, and at peak speed, 21% longer cycle lengths (P < 0.05 in all cases). The current study documents approximately 5% larger gender differences in performance and VO2max than those reported for comparable endurance sports. These differences reflect primarily the higher VO2max and lower percentage of body fat in men, since no gender differences in the ability to convert metabolic rate into work rate and speed were observed. With regards to kinematics, the gender difference in performance was explained by cycle length, not by cycle rate.

show abstract

Determinants of a Simulated Cross-Country Skiing Sprint Competition using V2 Skating Technique on Roller Skis

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Mathematical simulation of energy expenditure and recovery during sprint cross-country skiing

Mathematical simulation of energy expenditure and recovery during sprint cross-country skiing

Analysis of a sprint ski race and associated laboratory determinants of world-class performance

Gender differences in the physiological responses and kinematic behaviour of elite sprint cross-country skiers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About