Determinação das variáveis operacionais de um sistema ecológico para tratar águas residuais sanitárias no semiárido

Abstract

There is a growing importance of the theme of water reuse in the context of sustainable constructions. Currently, the increase in demand and the decrease in the supply of quality water is one of the problems that have been affecting, mainly, large urban populations. In this context, there is a need to encourage practices, programs and policies that help in water conservation. The reuse of water is a strategic activity, in addition to being an important tool in the integrated management of water resources. Given the above, regarding the reuse of water, there is the possibility of using sanitary wastewater for irrigation purposes. The present work had as general objective the development of the project of an ecological system for the treatment and agricultural use of sanitary wastewater on the campus of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Árido (UFERSA), in Mossoró/RN, to mitigate possible environmental impacts caused by dispose of this effluent. For this, an ecological system for the treatment and agricultural use of sanitary wastewater was carried out, endowed with the survey of information necessary for the preparation of the executive project, where it was possible to estimate that in this facility approximately 61 people generate about 3.05 m³ d-1 of treated sanitary wastewater; and also calculate the dimensions of the treatment system; consisting of a septic tank with two chambers, a flooded system built with elephant grass extracting plant and a solar reactor; as well as preparing the calculation and descriptive memorials and the assembly of the systems executive project.