Detection, production, and application of microbial arylsulfatases

Abstract

Arylsulfatases are enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of arylsulfate ester bonds to release a free sulfonate. They are widespread in nature and are found in microorganisms, most animal and human tissues, and plant seeds. However, this review focuses on arylsulfatases from microbial origin and gives an overview of different assays and substrates used to determine the arylsulfatase activity. Furthermore, the production of microbial arylsulfatases using wild-type organisms as well as the recombinant production using Escherichia coli and Kluyveromyces lactis as expression hosts is discussed. Finally, various potential applications of these enzymes are reviewed.

Harnessing Marine Biocatalytic Reservoirs for Green Chemistry Applications through Metagenomic Technologies

“…Important developments in screening methods include the ability for high-throughput screening of hydrolases [ 123 , 124 , 125 ]. An important industrial example of a hydrolase is sulfatase [ 126 ]. One methodology utilises an ultraviolet (UV) light detection system for the high throughput screening of sulfatases, this technology is based on the formation of N -methylisoindole by sulfatases [ 127 ].…”

Multi-Trait Wheat Rhizobacteria from Calcareous Soil with Biocontrol Activity Promote Plant Growth and Mitigate Salinity Stress

“…Bacterial, as well as fungal microorganisms produce arylsulfatases towards sulphate ester hydrolysis of the soil organic matter to uptake the released inorganic sulphate [ 18 , 19 ]. Bacterial arylsulphatase enzymes have been studied in medicine, industry and food science.…”

“…Arylsulfatases of some bacterial species have been already characterized as Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 22 ], Kluyveromyces lactis [ 23 ], Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora [ 24 ], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 25 ], Salmonella typhimurium [ 26 ], Serratia marcescens [ 10 , 27 ] and Thermotoga maritima [ 28 ]. Arylsulfatase plays an important role in cancer detection [ 29 ] and contributes to the doping analysis and food processing [ 19 ]. Moreover, it improves the quality of agar in industry [ 20 ], increases the inorganic sulphate of soil [ 30 ] and indicates healthy plant cultivation and crop rotations [ 31 ].…”

“…Arylsulfatase enzymes (ARS) are a group of the SSI proteins produced by microorganisms during S starvation. ARS have been key enzymes in the bacterial cell response against S limitation, and they can potentially hydrolyze sulphate esters from environmental sources or from the reserves of the bacterial cell [ 18 , 19 ]. In agriculture, arylsulfatase is one of the enzyme activities used to evaluate the soil biological diversity in natural or burdened ecosystems due to intensive crop systems, application of pesticides, and overdosed fertilization [ 19 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Detection of bacterial sulfatase activity through liquid- and solid-phase colony-based assays

“…Bacterial arylsulfatases catalyze the hydrolysis of aromatic sulfate esters and participate in the metabolic pathways through which sulfur is procured by organosulfur compounds. Considering the ability to hydrolyze organosulfur compounds, bacterial arylsulfatases would be useful for many areas such as industry and agriculture (Stressler et al 2016). In practice, bacterial arylsulfatases are applied in the desulfation of agar (Kim et al 2004; Lim et al 2004; Wang et al 2015).…”