Detection of virulence genes and the phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolated from dogs in Brazil

Abstract

Detecção de genes de virulência e grupos filogenéticos de amostrasEscherichia coli isoladas de cães no Brasil INTRODUCTIONEscherichia coli are a component of normal intestinal microbiota in humans and other animals. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics allow the identification of E. coli pathogenic strains or pathovars (COURA et al., 2014). Dogs are colonized by E. coli during the first days of their life and some strains can cause enteric or extra-intestinal infections (BEUTIN, 1999 (BEUTIN, 1999). Other pathovars are associated with diarrhea in other animals, namely enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (MAINIL, 2013). Because of the close contact with humans, dogs could increase the risk of transmitting potentially zoonotic microorganisms, such as EPEC and STEC (BEUTIN, 1999).In addition to the pathotype and pathovar classification, E. coli strains can be assigned to one of the seven phylogenetic groups, including A, B1, B2, C, D, E, and F (CLERMONT et al., 2013). E. coli genomic structure has shown that the strains belonging to different phylogroups are associated with the disease state and source of isolation (CLERMONT et al., 2013). The extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains are clustered mostly in groups B2 and D and intestinal pathogenic E. coli are mostly in phylogroups A, B1, and E (ESCOBAR- PÁRAMO et al., 2004; CLERMONT et al., 2011). Although phylogenetic characterization is an important tool to improve the understanding of E. coli populations and the relationship between strains and disease (CLERMONT et al., 2011;COURA et al., 2015), few studies have determined phylogenetic groups of E. coli isolated from dogs worldwide, and of those that did, the most frequently used method was a triplex PCR method developed by CLERMONT in 2000. This method is only capable of determining phylogroups A, B1, B2, and D (HARADA et al., 2012;SALVARANI et al., 2012;SCHMIDT et al., 2015) instead of the seven phylogroups that were detected in this study. In Brazil, only two studies identified E. coli pathovars associated with diarrhea in dogs (ALMEIDA et al., 2012;PUÑO-SARMIENTO et al., 2013), but none determined the phylogenetic groups of E. coli. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the virulence genes, pathovars, and phylogenetic groups of E. coli strains isolated from the feces of dogs with and without diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stool samplesStool samples were collected from 154 dogs, of which 92 were diarrheic and 62 were without diarrhea. Samples from diarrheic dogs were obtained directly from the rectum, at the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Belo Horizonte city), upon admission. Collections were performed from dogs that were undergoing a consultation for the occurrence of diarrhea. With owner's consent, fecal samples from non-diarrheic animals were obtained from the dogs of students attending the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. For non-diarrheic dogs, fecal samples were either taken directly from the rectum or after spontaneous ...

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Escherichia Coli Isolates from Diarrheic Dogs in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

“…This high prevalence of E. coli (73.5%) in both categories of diarrheic dogs (puppies and adults) sampled from different areas within Maiduguri metropolis (Magaram, Sabon layi and Elkanemi Park) is in agreement with the results of Yousif et al (24), who reported a high prevalence of E. coli (83%) in adult dogs and puppies, and with the results of Hassan ( 27) reporting high prevalence in both diarrheic categories (68.75%) and low prevalence rate (7.95%) in non-diarrheic categories. The significance of E. coli pathogenicity has been confirmed with the findings of Wang et al (25) reporting that all dogs developed acute watery or mucous diarrhea on the second day of infection, and a study from Brazil where out of 154 stool samples tested, 37 (24%) were positive for E. coli strains, harboring at least one virulence gene detected in PCR analysis (26).…”

Pemilihan Antibiotika pada Anjing Diare yang Terinfeksi Escherichia coli

“…Escherichia coli yang diisolasi dari feses anjing diare pada penelitian ini kemungkinan mem punyai peranan penting sebagai penyebab utama diare, tetapi jenis faktor virulensinya belum diketahui. Berdasarkan faktor virulensi, E. coli patogen diklasifikasikan menjadi: 1) patotipe: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC); 2) (Beutin, 1999, Goffaux et al, 2000, Nakazato et al, 2004Gouveia et al, 2013;Kjaergaard et al, 2016;Coura et al, 2018). Puño-Sarmiento et al (2013) juga telah mengidentifikasi E. coli pada 68 ekor anjing penderita diare, yang 17 diantaranya (25,0%) mempunyai gen virulensi, yaitu gen eaeA (EPEC) pada 12 dari 68 (17,6%) dan gen aggR (EAEC) pada 5 dari 68 (7,4%).…”

Shiga toxin‐producingEscherichia coliin the animal reservoir and food in Brazil

“…The occurrence of STEC from other animals have also been reported, including poultry (avian organic fertilizers) (Puno‐Sarmiento et al . ) in the PR, stx genes in Avian Pathogenic E. coli strains from SP (Bernedo‐Navarro et al ) and dogs in SP and MG (Paula and Marin ; Coura et al ).…”