Detection of virulence and specific genes of Salmonella sp. indigenous from Jember, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Yulian R, Narulita E, Iqbal M, Rochmiyah D, Suryaningsih I, Ningrum DEAF. 2020. Detection of virulence and specific genes of Salmonella sp. indigenous from Jember, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2889-2892. The bacterium Salmonella sp. is the most common cause of foodborne infection in humans. It has the ability to invAde the host, Salmonellosis is highly influenced by the combination of chromosome and plasmid in which Salmonella Pathogenisitas Islands (SPIs) are the biggest gene in the chromosome that are responsible to build specific interaction between Salmonella and the host. This research performed detection on virulence and specific genes in the SPIs area using PCR method for two Salmonella spp. bacterial isolates originated from Jember which were KP2 and P21D. Seven pairs of primers including stn, fimA, spvR (virulence genes), invA, ivaB, spvC, and fliC-d (specific genes) were used. The result revealed that P21D bacteria containing 3 virulence genes i.e. stn, fimA, and spvR. Meanwhile, only two virulent genes stn, and spvR were present in KP2 bacteria. For the detection of specific genes, three genes invA, ivaB, and spvC were present while fliC-d genes were not detected. Only two, invA, and ivaB genes were detected in P21D bacteria, while spvC, and fliC-d were not detected.

Potential bacteriophages to overcome bacterial infection of Alcaligenes faecalis in diabetic ulcer

“…It makes the bacteriophage of this family have the ability to diffuse faster into the host cell compared to other groups. It is also related to the size of plaque produced on the surface of the medium, which is larger than for the other groups [15,[23][24][25]. Based on the plaque formed, it showed that the isolates obtained in this study were lysogenic, characterized by cloudy plaques [15].…”

“…Lysogenic bacteriophages produce cloudy plaques that can occur due to imperfect lysis of bacterial cells. The imperfections or imperfections that occur are related to the level of adsorption on weak host cells resulting in immature bacteriophage particles [ 3 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 ]. Lysogenic bacteriophages will form prophages that can reduce the productivity and growth of host bacteria [ 10 ].…”

“…Bacteriophages generally have the ability to infect bacteria within a narrow host range or are host specific [ 15 , 24 ]. The results of the host range test in this study showed that the 6 isolates could infect bacteria other than their host, so it can be said that the 6 isolates had a wide host range.…”

“…Bacteriophages have a broad infectious ability or have a wide host range because these bacteriophages have many protein binding receptors on their capsid, thus providing the ability of at least 2 proteins to adsorb and recognize different structures in the infected host bacteria. Bacteriophages with broad infectious capabilities have the advantage that they can kill more than one type of bacteria when different infections occur, compared to specific bacteriophages that have limited infection, which can only infect one type of bacteria [ 24 , 34 ]. Bacteriophages with a broad spectrum are commonly used for phage therapy.…”

Detection of invA virulence gene of multidrug-resistant Salmonella species isolated from the cloacal swab of broiler chickens in Blitar district, East Java, Indonesia

“…This finding indicated that it is difficult to treat salmonellosis caused by MDR isolates because they have the ability to be pathogenic as evidenced by the presence of invA. This gene encodes membrane proteins in bacteria that are responsible for invading host intestinal cells [42,43]. In Salmonella isolates, invA was located in SPI-1, which plays an extremely important role in the invasion of host epithelial cells.…”