Detection of viral acute lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized infants using real-time PCR

Abstract

Introduction: Acute lower respiratory tract infection in children causes significant morbidity in the developing countries. Documentation of virus infection using PCR and clinical characteristics of patients affected with viral pneumonia are reviewed in this study. Methods: 51 children less than three years admitted to the Pediatric Hospital, Cairo University with viral pneumonia were included. All patients had undergone nasopharyngeal aspirate for PCR viral detection. Results: A total of 51 cases were enrolled in the study, of which 7 cases were negative while 44 children were positive for viruses. The most common respiratory virus was Rhinovirus in 32 patients (72.2%), then parainfluenza virus (PIV) in 12 (27.3%), of which subtypes PIV1 were 2 (4.5%), PIV3 were 5 (11.4%) and PIV4 were 5 (11.4%) cases. The third common viruses were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 9 (20.5%) cases of which 3 (6.8%) were RSVA and 6 (13.6%) were RSVB and adenovirus in 9 cases (20.5%). Boca virus was found in 8 (18.2%) patients, corona virus 2 (4.5%) patients, H1N1 2 (4.5%) patients, enterovirus 2 patients (4.5%) and human metapneumovirus in one case (2.3%). Influenza B and PIV2 were not detected. Coinfection was found in 28 (63.7%). Mortality occurred in 12 (23.5%). There was no significant relation between virus type or coinfection with disease severity. Conclusions: RV was the most commonly detected virus in children under 3 years admitted with acute lower respiratory tract infections. Coinfection was present in the majority of our patients; however it was not related significantly to parameters of disease severity.

Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory illnesses in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…JBI quality assessment tools were applied and all included studies satisfied the required level of methodological quality. The minimum and maximum sample sizes utilized were 51 [ 17 ] and 9969 [ 18 ], respectively. Considering the number of studies included from sub-regions of Africa, 24 reports were from Northern, 23 from Eastern, 18 from Southern, 16 from Western, and six from Middle Africa, while one study presented data from three African sub-regions ( Table 1 ).…”

Prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus infection in people with acute respiratory tract infections in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The inter‐rater agreement for study selection was high ( κ = 0.81). Finally, 66 full texts including 67 studies were included (one paper included two studies) …”

Epidemiology of Human Bocavirus in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic Review

“…Abdel-Moneim et al ( 2016) used newly developed primers to increase the sensitivity of the PCR test for HBoV detection. Using these novel primers, the prevalence of HBoV was 56.8%, which significantly differs from previous and further studies conducted in Egypt, which found prevalence values of 22%, 10% and 18.2% respectively [12,13,17]. Abdel-Moneim et al explained that the high rate of prevalence of HBoV-1 was reported because of a potential nosocomial pathogen among pediatric care units.…”