Epidemiology of Human Bocavirus in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic Review

Abdelqader, Rana; Hasan, Hanan; Alanagreh, Lo’ai

doi:10.3390/pathogens10111456

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…HBoV infections are also present in people of all ages but are more frequent in children. Finally, although these viruses do not have a high global prevalence, fatal cases have been reported due to HBoV infections [ 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Respiratory Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review

2023

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Respiratory viruses represent a world public health problem, giving rise to annual seasonal epidemics and several pandemics caused by some of these viruses, including the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, which continues to date. Some antiviral drugs have been licensed for the treatment of influenza, but they cause side effects and lead to resistant viral strains. Likewise, aerosolized ribavirin is the only drug approved for the therapy of infections by the respiratory syncytial virus, but it possesses various limitations. On the other hand, no specific drugs are licensed to treat other viral respiratory diseases. In this sense, natural products and their derivatives have appeared as promising alternatives in searching for new compounds with antiviral activity. Besides their chemical properties, quinones have demonstrated interesting biological activities, including activity against respiratory viruses. This review summarizes the activity against respiratory viruses and their molecular targets by the different types of quinones (both natural and synthetic). Thus, the present work offers a general overview of the importance of quinones as an option for the future pharmacological treatment of viral respiratory infections, subject to additional studies that support their effectiveness and safety.

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Section: Respiratory Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review

2023

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“…Specific variable-loop sections unique to the HBoV-1 virus are also present in the capsid and play a critical role in both infectiousness and immunogenicity. The capsid surface participates in various processes, including cell recognition, intracellular trafficking, genome packaging, host tropism, and immune response ( Schildgen et al., 2012 ; Babkin et al., 2013 ; Schildgen, 2013 ; Abramczuk et al., 2015 ; Babkin et al., 2015 ; Principi et al., 2015 ; Kailasan et al., 2016 ; Lee et al., 2019 ; Malta et al., 2020 ; Abdelqader et al., 2021 ; Shao et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Genomic Features and Virus Structure Of Hbov-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

HBoV-1: virus structure, genomic features, life cycle, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical manifestations

Mohammadi

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The single-stranded DNA virus known as human bocavirus 1 (HBoV-1) is an icosahedral, linear member of the Parvoviridae family. In 2005, it was discovered in nasopharyngeal samples taken from kids who had respiratory tract illnesses. The HBoV genome is 4.7–5.7 kb in total length. The HBoV genome comprises three open-reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3) that express structural proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3), viral non-coding RNA, and non-structural proteins (NS1, NS1-70, NS2, NS3, and NP1) (BocaSR). The NS1 and NP1 are crucial for viral DNA replication and are substantially conserved proteins. Replication of the HBoV-1 genome in non-dividing, polarized airway epithelial cells. In vitro, HBoV-1 infects human airway epithelial cells that are strongly differentiated or polarized. Young children who have HBoV-1 are at risk for developing a wide range of respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold, acute otitis media, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. The most common clinical symptoms are wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and rhinorrhea. After infection, HBoV-1 DNA can continue to be present in airway secretions for months. The prevalence of coinfections is considerable, and the clinical symptoms can be more severe than those linked to mono-infections. HBoV-1 is frequently detected in combination with other pathogens in various reports. The fecal-oral and respiratory pathways are more likely to be used for HBoV-1 transmission. HBoV-1 is endemic; it tends to peak in the winter and spring. This Review summarizes the knowledge on HBoV-1.

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“…Human bocavirus is one of the recently discovered viruses and causes infections of both respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. 1 Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for roughly 25% of all pediatric deaths each year worldwide. 1 Annually, 21.5% of childhood RTIs have been connected to the human bocavirus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for roughly 25% of all pediatric deaths each year worldwide. 1 Annually, 21.5% of childhood RTIs have been connected to the human bocavirus. 2 In industrialized and developing nations, bocavirus 1 has been linked to childhood RTIs, some of which have resulted in severe bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Characteristics of Respiratory Bocavirus Infection in Acutely Sick Children Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital in Jordan

AL-Iede,

Ezar,

Armouty

et al. 2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Objective: The clinical manifestations of human bocavirus infections are diverse, ranging from mild common cold to severe lower respiratory tract infections. Bocaviruses have frequently been codetected with other respiratory viruses. We aimed to estimate the burden of bocavirus and multiple viral infections and to investigate the risk factors associated with these infections. Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of admitted patients. The medical records of the included children were searched, and data on demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, laboratory and nasopharyngeal swab results were collected. Results: A total of 157 patients were included. Most of the patients were males (62.1%) and under 6 months of age (52%). The 3 most common symptoms presented in the patients were cough (81.8%), rhinorrhea (58.6%) and fever (55.8%). Bocavirus DNA was detected in 12.66% of the patients, while 22.30% had multiple viruses. Age distribution was significantly different between bocavirus and nonbocavirus groups, with a lower proportion of bocavirus infection in all age groups (P = 0.032). The X-ray patterns significantly differed between the 2 study groups, with a lower number of patients in the bocavirus group having normal X-rays (P = 0.007). Patients infected with multiple viruses had more severe respiratory distress symptoms and diarrhea than those infected with only 1 virus. Conclusions: The prevalence of multiple viruses and bocavirus respiratory infections is significant. This study can guide physicians toward the clinical presentation and characteristics of children with respiratory bocavirus and multiple viral infections and propose future studies conducted in this regard.

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Epidemiology of Human Bocavirus in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review

Quinones as Promising Compounds against Respiratory Viruses: A Review

HBoV-1: virus structure, genomic features, life cycle, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical manifestations

The Characteristics of Respiratory Bocavirus Infection in Acutely Sick Children Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital in Jordan

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