Detection of vapor phase trinitrotoluene in the parts-per-trillion range using waveguide interferometry

Edmiston, Paul L.; Campbell, Daniel P.; Gottfried, David; Baughman, Jessi A.; Timmers, Margaret M.

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2009.09.059

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We modeled our dosing system on a recently-reported system for generating trinitrotoluene (TNT) vapour, in which the analyte was dissolved in an organic solvent and then slowly injected into a gas stream. 10 The reported advantage of this approach was that it could generate steady-state concentrations of TNT vapour, even though TNT is a solid at room temperature. This vapour generation method requires having a solvent present at concentrations approximately a thousand-fold higher (by mass) than the analyte of interest at the sampling point, but as long as this does not interfere with the analysis then it is a pragmatic approach to obtaining steady state vapour concentrations of a semi-volatile solid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic solid phase microextraction analysis for airborne methamphetamine: quantitation using isotopically substituted methamphetamine

McKenzie¹,

Miskelly²,

Butler³

2013

Anal. Methods

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A vapour dosing system was developed that gave constant concentrations of methamphetamine in the range 1 to 10 mg m À3. This was used to calibrate the response of solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibres in passive and dynamic sampling modes. Exposure of 100 mm polydimethylsiloxane SPME fibres to a constant concentration of 1-5 mg m À3 methamphetamine over 1-70 min followed by GC-MS analysis produced a curvilinear pre-steady state sorption curve sufficiently reproducible to enable calibration of the SPME absorption. There was no evidence for loss of methamphetamine from the polydimethylsiloxane fibre under static ambient conditions for 5 h or during exposure to 1 L min À1 airflow in a dynamic SPME sampler for 90 min at room temperature. Sequential exposure of SPME fibres to methamphetamine and d 9 -methamphetamine showed that both analytes were retained. These results demonstrate that solid phase microextraction can be used with pre-loaded isotopically substituted methamphetamine as an internal standard for accurate quantitation of airborne methamphetamine. The isotopic labeling experiments also showed that the dosing system had a small but significant reservoir of methamphetamine, even though it was constructed from mainly inert materials and much of it was at elevated temperature. We therefore recommend that separate vapour dosing units be used for labeled and unlabeled methamphetamine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic solid phase microextraction analysis for airborne methamphetamine: quantitation using isotopically substituted methamphetamine

McKenzie¹,

Miskelly²,

Butler³

2013

Anal. Methods

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“…2 In the last decade, optical interferometry 3,4 is an evolving field which has been adopted for sensing applications. The Mach Zehnder (MZ) configuration appears to be the most widely used device in the field of biosensors thanks to its easy design and fabrication.…”

Section: A Buried Anti Resonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide For An Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Buried anti resonant reflecting optical waveguide based on porous silicon material for an integrated Mach Zehnder structure

Hiraoui

Guendouz

Lorrain

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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A buried anti resonant reflecting optical waveguide for an integrated Mach Zehnder structure based on porous silicon material is achieved using a classical photolithography process. Three distinct porous silicon layers are then elaborated in a single step, by varying the porosity (thus the refractive index) and the thickness while respecting the anti-resonance conditions. Simulations and experimental results clearly show the antiresonant character of the buried waveguides. Significant variation of the reflectance and light propagation with different behavior depending on the polarization and the Mach Zehnder dimensions is obtained. Finally, we confirm the feasibility of this structure for sensing applications.

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“…Many technologies have been employed for the detection of trace levels explosives, for example Raman spectroscopy [2], molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) [3], multiphoton electron extraction spectroscopy [4], infrared spectroscopy [5], biosensor [6]. Among various analytical methods, Chemical sensors [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], especially fluorescence quenching ones, are promising candidates in terms of sensitivity, cost and portability [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive sensing by using polymer tip on the end of optical fiber

Chu

Cheng

Bian

et al. 2017

Optik

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Detection of vapor phase trinitrotoluene in the parts-per-trillion range using waveguide interferometry

Cited by 47 publications

References 43 publications

Dynamic solid phase microextraction analysis for airborne methamphetamine: quantitation using isotopically substituted methamphetamine

Dynamic solid phase microextraction analysis for airborne methamphetamine: quantitation using isotopically substituted methamphetamine

Buried anti resonant reflecting optical waveguide based on porous silicon material for an integrated Mach Zehnder structure

Explosive sensing by using polymer tip on the end of optical fiber

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