Detection of toxic materials at Death Valley and Death Spring, a new ecosystem in Tashan District, Southern Iran

Abstract

Death Valley and its stream form a unique landscape in the Tashan district of southern Iran. The water from the headstream of Death Spring to 100 meters downstream and the air around it are lethally dangerous and cause death. The color of the stream beds changes to five different colors. In this study, sampling of sediment and water took place in two seasons and at five stations. Historical information about the area was also collected and analyzed. The heavy metal concentrations in the water and sediment were high; in successive order from high to low, they were Fe > Al > Ag > Pb > Zn > Mn > As > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > Co > Sb. The toxic gas is H2S, and the treated concentration of this gas rises up to 410 ppm making the surrounding air toxic as well. The Gas emission has Geological origin. At the source of Death spring the Sulfur compounds in the water, soil, and sediment do not allow the growth of any macroscopic plants or animals. The current study aimed to identify the eco-touristic capacities and mortal danger in this valley, and to carry out environmental action plans, such as installing warning plates and notes to protect people and animals, so that all can benefit from the clean air and mineral water of 7 clean springs at the higher regions of Death Spring and enjoy the pleasant landscape of this area without being injured by the lethal gas of Death Valley. Other wonders of this area are also introduced.