The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum strain 44A doses on growth performance, feed utilization, blood serum parameters, and digestive enzyme activities in Common Carp Cyprinus carpio fingerlings. This bacterium was isolated from healthy Striped Mullet Mugil cephalus. Lactobacillus plantarum was added to the diet in three levels (1.5 × 10 6 , 3 × 10 6 , and 4.5 × 10 6 colony-forming units [CFU]/mg of feed). A control diet was used as a reference. The results indicated that feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate, daily growth coefficient, protein efficiency ratio, condition factor, thermal-unit growth coefficient, and survival rate of Common Carp fingerlings were best for the treatment group fed with L. plantarum at the 4.5 × 10 6 CFU/mg level. In general, all L. plantarum treatments had better hematological parameters relative to the control, including red blood cell count, total leucocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. A significant increase in the total protein and globulin concentration in blood serum was found in all probiotic-treated fishes compared with the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed in albumin levels. Other observed changes included lower cortisol and glucose contents in serum blood from probiotic-treated fingerlings than in the control group. Serum lysozyme activity was also considerably greater in fish fed a higher level of L. plantarum compared with the control fish. Mean protease and amylase activities of all probiotic treatment groups were significantly higher than those in the control fish. There was no significant difference in lipase level. In conclusion, the improved enzyme activities obtained with the L. plantarum diets suggest that the addition of probiotics improved diet digestibility, including protein, starch, and fattiness, and resulted in better growth performance and feed efficiency (FCR) in Common Carp.

In the present study, evaluation of spatial variations and interpretation of Zohrehh River water quality data were made by using multivariate analytical techniques including factor analysis and cluster analysis also the Arc GIS® software was used. The research method was formulated to achieve objectives herein, including field observation, numerical modeling, and laboratory analyses. The results showed that dataset consisted of 11,250 observations of seven-year monitoring program (measurement of 15 variables at 3 main stations from April 2010 to March 2017). Factor analysis with principal component analysis extraction of the dataset yielded seven varactors contributing to 82% of total variance and evaluated the incidence of each varactor on the total variance. The results of cluster analysis became complete with t-test and made water quality comparison between two clusters possible. Results of factor analysis were employed to facilitate t-test analysis. The t-test revealed the significant difference in a confidence interval of 95% between the mean of calculated varactors 1, 2, 6 and 7 between two clusters, but there was no significant difference in the mean of other varactors 3, 4 and 5 between two groups. The result shows the effect of agricultural fertilizers on stations located at downstream of the ASK dam.

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Luciobarbus barbulus Heckel, 1847 was described from water bodies around Shiraz and the Qara Aqaj River, one of the main rivers in Shiraz City, Iran. In the present study localities, a geographical range map of Luciobarbus barbulus and new data on the present status of this species are presented. In our latest sampling we assessed for the first time the presence of this species in the Lesser Zab River where no specimen had been collected in the past on this part of the river. The detailed distribution of Luciobarbus barbulus, based on the captured specimens, and literature records of this species are mentioned.

Western Iran barb species are scientifically, environmentally, and economically important. 11Some of them are the largest riverine freshwater species, which will grow in size and weight to 170 12 cm, and 120 kg respectively. There is little information on taxonomy or environmental status of these 13 species Luciobarbus barbulus is one of the important large species. During the resent year since 2013, 14 in order to find the new record of large barb species, sampling program carried out in western Iran,. 15Luciobarbus barbulus briefly described by Heckel (1849) but during the time, have been synonymized 16 with other related species or vice versa, other similar species miss-identically have been known as 17 this species. Also the synonymy of Luciobarbus barbulus with L. pectoralis remains uncertain. The 18 possible syntypes of L. barbulus in Vienna Museum (NMW 53957 and NMW 6596) are in too poor 19 condition to be of any value, being mostly bones, and are dried, and. The fleshy lip of NMW 6596, 20 (measures 119.3 mm standard length) fold of the original description could not be discerned, teeth 21 are missing and the dorsal fin is broken off short. In 1997 this was the only syntype recognized. The 22 catalog in Vienna lists only 1 fish, while Heckel's description refers to several fishes!. So designing of 23Lecotype and re-description of L. barbulus is essential. In this paper the details of description and 24 differences between these species are given. 25 26 27 1. Introduction 28 Luciobarbus barbulus was one of 15 species among specimens collected by Theodor Kotschy 1841 -29 1842, in the water system around Shiraz, and was sent to Heckel in Vienna Museum (NMW).30 Luciobarbus barbulus briefly described by Heckel (1849) [2]. The possible syntype of Luciobarbus 31 barbulus (NMW 53957) as stated by Almaça (1986) [4] and Coad (1997)[5] is in too poor condition.32 Coad (1997) states that the synonymy of Luciobarbus barbulus with L. pectoralis remains uncertain [3]. 33 The possible syntype of L. barbulus (NMW 53957) was seen by B. W. Coad (1997) he states that: it is 34 in too poor condition to be of any value, being mostly bones. Coad state, another syntype is listed as 35 NMW 6596 and measures 119.3 mm standard length. He continued that in 1997 this was the only 36 syntype recognized. The catalog in Vienna lists only 1 fish, while Heckel's description refers to several 37 fishes. NMW 6596 is mostly bones and is dried. The fleshy lip fold of the original description could 38 not be discerned, teeth are missing and the dorsal fin is broken off short [3].39 As some of the morphological and meristic characters of Luciobarbus barbulus Heckel (1849) overlap 40 with other similar species such as L. mystaceus, L scheich, L. kersin, L. pectoralis, L. longiceps, L. rajanorum. 41These species have been put a problematic group of barb species and the stated nominal species, 42 more or less have a similar shape with Luciobarbus barbulus. So the re-description of this species is 43 given in this paper, may assist the describing of...