Detection of Salivary miRNAs That Predict Chronic Periodontitis Progression: A Cohort Study

Abstract

The aim of this two-year cohort study was to investigate salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) that predict periodontitis progression. A total of 120 patients who underwent supportive periodontal therapy were recruited. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline. Two years later, 44 patients were followed up (median age, 67.1 years) and divided into two groups: progression group (n = 22), with one or more sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) progression (>3 mm compared with baseline) or tooth extraction due to periodontitis progression; and the control group (n = 22), which did not exhibit CAL progression. In the microarray analysis of salivary miRNAs, hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-4724-3p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-28-5p, hsa-miR-320d, and hsa-miR-31-5p showed fold change values <0.5 or ≥2.0 in the progression group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, areas under the curves of hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were >0.7, indicating fair discrimination power. The expressions of salivary hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were associated with periodontitis progression in patients with chronic periodontitis. These salivary miRNAs may be new biomarkers for progression of periodontitis, and monitoring them may contribute to new diagnostics and precision medicine for periodontitis.

MicroRNA-28-5p as a potential diagnostic biomarker for chronic periodontitis and its role in cell proliferation and inflammatory response

“…found that miR-28-5p was dramatically downregulated in CP. 11 Furthermore, miR-28-5p plays a critical function in the inflammatory response to disease. miR-28-5p was identified as a strongly upregulated miRNA in patients with axial spondylolisthesis 9 but it was downregulated in the inflammation of colon cancer caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum , and its levels were significantly negatively correlated with the inflammatory factor IL-6 in NAFLD.…”

“…analyzed miRNAs associated with the progression of chronic CP by microarray, in which miR-28-5p expression was greatly suppressed. 11 However, the specific role of miR-28-5p in CP is unknown. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a fluid secreted by the gingival sulcus of teeth, which can be used to monitor the development of CP to adopt a targeted treatment plan, and a large number of miRNAs in GCF are identified and can modulate the CP immune response, 12 for example, miR-140-3p, miR-145-5p and miR-195-5p.…”

Salivary Exosomes: From Waste to Promising Periodontitis Treatment

“…In microarray analysis of patients with CP, salivary hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d expression was linked to periodontitis development. These salivary miRNAs could be novel biomarkers for periodontitis progression and monitoring them could lead to new periodontal diagnostics and precision therapy ( Fujimori et al, 2021 ).…”

The salivary exosomal microRNA as a potential biomarker in patients with periodontitis and oral cancers

“…Therefore, they suggested that these miRNAs may act as a predictive biomarker for periodontal disease progression. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis indicated that these miRNAs are involved in periodontal pathology, through the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway (Fujimori et al, 2021). The pathway is involved in tissue inflammation and cell death by inducing apoptosis (Kumar et al, 2021).…”

“…The pathway is involved in tissue inflammation and cell death by inducing apoptosis (Kumar et al, 2021). Moreover, the upregulation of miR‐99a‐5p induces leukocyte migration, resulting in exacerbating inflammation (Fujimori et al, 2021).…”