Detection of respiratory herpesviruses in foals and adult horses determined by nested multiplex PCR

Wang, L; Raidal, Sharanne; Pizzirani, A.; Wilcox, G. E.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.11.009

Cited by 83 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This observation warrant further investigations to establish the pathogenicity role of these EHV-5 strains. EHV-2, a member of the Gammaherpesvirinae closely-related to EHV-5, has been isolated in conjunction with other herpesviruses, in particular EHV-1 [30,44,46]. These authors reported cases of combined infection with members of the Alphaherpesvirinae (EHV-1) and Gammaherpesvirinae (EHV-2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they did not isolate EHV-5 from animals that had an on-going infection due to an alphaherpesvirus. Wang et al [44] have detected EHV-5 and EHV-4 from nasal swab of one foal using PCR; however they did not attempt virus isolation. In another study, Bell et al [7] isolated EHV-4 from nasal swabs in foals with respiratory disease, but not once concomitantly with gammaherpesviruses even though the authors have shown that EHV-2 and EHV-5 were ubiquitous in the cohort of horses studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equine herpesvirus infections in yearlings in South-East Queensland

et al. 2008

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SummaryTwelve nasal swabs were collected from yearling horses with respiratory distress and tested for Equid herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Equid herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) by realtime PCR targeting the glycoprotein B gene. All samples were negative for EHV-1; however 3 were positive for EHV-4. When these samples were tested for EHV-2 and EHV-5 by PCR all samples were negative for EHV-2 and 11 were positive for EHV-5. All three samples that were positive for EHV-4 were also positive for EHV-5.These three samples gave a limited CPE in ED cells reminiscent of EHV-4 CPE.EHV-4 CPE was obvious after 3 days and was characterised by syncytia. None of the samples produced cytopathic effect (CPE) on African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells or hamster kidney (BSR) cells. Four of the samples, which were positive in the EHV-5 PCR, produced CPE on rabbit kidney (RK13) cells and equine dermis (ED) cells. EHV-5 CPE on both cell lines was slow and was apparent after four 7-day passages. On RK13 cells the CPE was characteristic of equid herpesvirus with the formation of syncytia. However in ED cells, the CPE was characterised by ringshaped syncytia.For the first time a case of equine respiratory disease involving dual infection with EHV-4 and EHV-5 has been reported in Queensland. This was shown by simultaneously isolating EHV-4 and EHV-5 from clinical samples. EHV5 was recovered from all samples except one, suggesting that EHV5 was more prevalent in young horses than EHV2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine herpesvirus infections in yearlings in South-East Queensland

et al. 2008

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“…EHV4 primary replication is restricted to the epithelium of the respiratory tract cells (Blunden et al 1995, Patel andHeldens 2005); the nasal swab sample was therefore considered to be the best material for virus isolation (Wang et al 2007). The presence of the virus in nasal exudates demonstrated active shedding of the virus, while in the latent stage viral DNA can be found in neurons and lymphoid tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primers set FC2, R1 and R4 designed by were evaluated by Wang et al (2007) with high specificity scores. The sensitivity of the PCR used was higher when compared with similar data presented by Varrasso et al (2001) who found that their glycoprotein H gene-based PCR was able to detect 1220 and 7280 plasmid EHV1 and EHV4 DNA copies, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on equine herpesvirus type 4 isolation in Poland – evaluation of diagnostic tools

Ploszay¹,

Rola²,

Larska³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Upper respiratory tract infections are still a serious problem in breeding and racing horses. The most common virological factors are EHV1 and EHV4, which are both a major cause of secondary infections. High EHV4 seroprevalence in Polish horses indicates a high transmission rate of this pathogen among horses and increases the need for proper diagnostics. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable laboratory diagnostic scheme for upper respiratory tract infections and to describe the first isolation of EHV4 in Poland. Twenty one nasal swabs collected from young horses under the age of 2 years showing clinical signs of equine rhinopneumonitis were tested with duplex PCR for simultaneous detection and differentiation between EHV1/EHV4. Positive samples were then subjected to virus isolation in Vero cells. Additionally, real-time PCR was developed which allowed viral copy numbers to be quantified and enabled defining that a DNA load below 10 3 copies per 1 ml of the sample reflected latent infection or decline of the disease. However, the sensitivity of traditional PCR proved to be sufficient in the diagnostic of the lytic infections and allowed identification of 10 EHV4 infected horses from which 3 strains were successfully isolated in cell culture. Another four EHV4 positive results were obtained by real-time PCR; but, a high Ct (threshold cycle) and a low virus DNA copy number suggested a latent infection. This report describes the first successful isolation of EHV4 from Polish horses.

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“…Dos 65 municípios avaliados pelos autores, na sua grande maioria pertencentes à região Norte do Estado, em 84,6% (55) destes, pelo menos um equino apresentou altos títulos de anticorpos para o vírus da influenza equina, 15 para arterite viral equina e 12 para herpes vírus equino. Outrossim, foram observados elevados graus de infecções virais nos potros jovens de diferentes centros de criação com problemas de doença respiratória (WANG et al, 2007), demonstrando a importância da inclusão desse grupo de moléstias nos diagnósticos diferenciais.…”

Section: ------------------Via Respiratória Afetada------------------unclassified

Fatores de risco associados a doenças respiratórias em potros Puro Sangue Inglês do nascimento ao sexto mês de vida

et al. 2009

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Foram avaliados fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de doenças respiratórias em 349 potros Puro Sangue Inglês (PSI) monitorados do nascimento ao sexto mês de vida na região de Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. A partir da avaliação clínica e laboratorial pôde-se registrar a frequência de 9,5% (33) casos respiratórios, com mortalidade de 0,57% (2). A ocorrência de casos foi mais elevada nos meses de verão, e potros com idade entre quatro e seis meses foram mais suscetíveis (P<0,001). O desenvolvimento de doenças foi influenciado (P<0,001) pelo sistema de criação e pelas práticas de manejo, os quais aumentaram o potencial de contaminação do ambiente. Na avaliação microbiológica, a maior frequência de isolados foi de Streptococcus equi (57%), seguido do Rhodococcus equi (17%), letal em 50% dos casos. Nenhum caso clínico foi associado ao vírus da influenza equina (EIV) e ao herpesvírus equino (EHV-1-4). Os resultados sugerem que fatores ligados ao manejo, na criação de equinos PSI, parecem contribuir decisivamente para a manifestação da doença respiratória e alertam para a morbidade causada pela adenite equina e a letalidade atribuída à rodococose.

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Detection of respiratory herpesviruses in foals and adult horses determined by nested multiplex PCR

Cited by 83 publications

References 51 publications

Equine herpesvirus infections in yearlings in South-East Queensland

Equine herpesvirus infections in yearlings in South-East Queensland

First report on equine herpesvirus type 4 isolation in Poland – evaluation of diagnostic tools

Fatores de risco associados a doenças respiratórias em potros Puro Sangue Inglês do nascimento ao sexto mês de vida

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