Detection of rat hepatitis E virus, but not human pathogenic hepatitis E virus genotype 1–4 infections in wild rats from Lithuania

Simanavičius, Martynas; Juškaitė, Karolina; Verbickaite, Arune; Jasiulionis, Marius; Tamošiūnas, Paulius Lukas; Petraitytė-Burneikienė, Rasa; Žvirblienė, Aurelija; Ulrich, Rainer G.; Kučinskaitė-Kodzė, Indrė

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.06.014

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The presence of anti-HEV IgG 30,45 , and the detection of viral particles in the feces of these rodents (with or without seroconversion) have been demonstrated 37,46,47 . However, only a single study has shown similarities between rodent (R. norvegicus) strains with regard to the HEV-3 genotype, which is most closely related to the genotypes found in rabbits 37 .…”

Section: Fernandes Et Al (2019)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Africa, studies have revealed the circulation of Mastomys natalensis infected by Lassa virus in The hepatitis E virus (HEV) has a single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 7 kb length 28 . As a member of the Hepeviridae family, the genus Orthohepevirus has four species (from A to D) 29 , among which Orthohepevirus A and C have already been described in rodents 30 .…”

Section: Fernandes Et Al (2019)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of black rats (R. rattus) and brown rats (R. norvegicus) as reservoirs and transmitters of this viral agent and its prevalence rate remains unknown 30 .…”

Section: Fernandes Et Al (2019)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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This review focuses on reports of hepatitis E virus, hantavirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, and arenavirus in synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, and Mus musculus) within urban environments. Despite their potential impact on human health, relatively few studies have addressed the monitoring of these viruses in rodents. Comprehensive control and preventive activities should include actions such as the elimination or reduction of rat and mouse populations, sanitary education, reduction of shelters for the animals, and restriction of the access of rodents to residences, water, and food supplies.

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Section: Fernandes Et Al (2019)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Fernandes Et Al (2019)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synanthropic rodents as virus reservoirs and transmitters

Gravinatti

Barbosa

Soares

et al. 2020

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Recently, HEV‐C RNA detection has also been reported in common voles ( Microtus arvalis ) in Hungary (Kurucz et al, ). Several studies have reported the detection of IgG and IgM against HEV in Norway rat and Black rat with seroprevalence ranging between 24% and 37% depending on the studies and up to 94% in the USA (Kabrane‐Lazizi et al, ; Favorov et al, ; Purcell et al, ; Johne et al, ; Li et al, 2013b; Mulyanto et al, ; Simanavicius et al, ), confirming the wide circulation of HEV in commensal synanthropic Rattus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The Orthohepevirus C species is divided into HEV‐C1 (rat HEV) infecting rodents and eulipotyphlids (musk shrew), HEV‐C2 infecting ferret and mink, and the recently proposed HEV‐C3 and HEV‐C4 detected in Chevrier's Field Mouse ( Apodemus chevrieri ) and Père David's vole ( Eothenomys melanogaster ) in China (Smith et al, ; Wang et al, ). HEV strains belonging to Orthohepevirus C have been detected in Europe and in the USA in Black rat ( Rattus rattus ) and Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus ), and also in other species ( Rattus flavipectus , Rattus rattoides ) in Asian countries (Favorov, Kosoy, Tsarev, Childs, & Margolis, ; Johne et al, 2010a; Johne et al, 2010b; Purcell et al, ; Johne et al, ; Kanai et al, ; Lack, Volk, & Van den Bussche, ; Li et al, 2013a; Mulyanto et al, ; Widen et al, ; Ryll et al, ; Simanavicius et al, ). Recently, HEV‐C RNA detection has also been reported in common voles ( Microtus arvalis ) in Hungary (Kurucz et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA in rats caught in pig farms from Northern Italy

Sabato

Ianiro

Monini

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains belonging to the Orthohepevirus genus are divided into four species (A–D). HEV strains included in the Orthohepevirus A species infect humans and several other mammals. Among them, the HEV‐3 and HEV‐4 genotypes are zoonotic and infect both humans and animals, of which, pigs and wild boar are the main reservoirs. Viruses belonging to the Orthohepevirus C species (HEV‐C) have been considered to infect rats of different species and carnivores. Recently, two studies reported the detection of HEV‐C1 (rat HEV) RNA in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, suggesting a possible transmission of rat HEV to humans. The role of rats and mice as reservoir of HEV and the potential zoonotic transmission is still poorly known and deserves further investigation. To this purpose, in this study, the presence of HEV RNA was investigated in the intestinal contents and liver samples from 47 Black rats (Rattus rattus) and 21 House mice (Mus musculus) captured in four pig farms in Northern Italy. The presence of both Orthohepevirus A and C was investigated by the real‐rime RT‐PCR specific for HEV‐1 to HEV‐4 genotypes of Orthohepevirus A species and by a broad spectrum hemi‐nested RT‐PCR capable of detecting different HEV species including rat HEV. The intestinal content from two Black rats resulted positive for HEV‐C1 RNA and for HEV‐3 RNA, respectively. None of the House mice was HEV RNA positive. Sequence analyses confirmed the detection of HEV‐C1, genotype G1 and HEV‐3 subtype e. The viral strain HEV‐3e detected in the rat was identical to swine HEV strains detected in the same farm. Liver samples were negative for the detection of either rat HEV or HEV‐3.

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