Detection of natural infection by <i>Cucumber mosaic virus</i> in vegetable crops

Abstract

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causing viral diseases in forage, fruit, ornamental and other important plants worldwide has been isolated in Lithuania from vegetable (cucumber, tomato and sweet pepper) species exhibiting mottle-mosaic and distortion of leaves and fruits, and plant stunt symptoms. Diseased vegetable samples were found in Vilnius, Kaišiadorys, Kėdainiai and Širvintos regions. The detection of CMV was performed on the basis of determining host range, symptom expression on the test plant species, and the morphological properties of the virus particles by the methods of test plants and transmission electron microscopy and by using specific oligonucleotides in the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Primers complementary to conserved sequences of CMV RNA were designed, and RT-PCR was directly performed in crude sap extracts of CMV-infected cucumber, tomato and sweet pepper plants. Analysis of PCR products in acrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed amplification of about 540 base pair fragments which were in agreement with the size of the fragment expected from the sequence data. CMV detection in vegetables was confirmed by the RT-PCR technique.

Partial Characterisation of Two Isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

“…White Burley reacted with severe mosaic, blistering, chlorosis and malformation to the CMV-wild tobacco isolate, but mild mosaic and mottling with the CMV-cucumber isolate. Regardless of severity, these symptoms corresponded to those described by Rao and Francki (1982), Zitikaite and Urbanaviciene (2010) and Megahed et al (2012) for CMV.…”

“…Cucumis sativus showed mosaic, green vein banding and chlorosis when infected with the CMV-wild tobacco isolate and mild mosaic, yellowing and blistering with the CMV-cucumber isolate. Although these results were not much helpful in differentiating the two isolates, they resembled those obtained for CMV by other investigators (Zitikaite and Urbanaviciene, 2010;Megahed et al, 2012;Pratap et al, 2012;Eldougdoug et al, 2013).…”

Arabis mosaic virus on ornamental plants

“…Application of modern virological methods (DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR), together with classical biological methods, increased the reliability of virus identification in complex infections. Recently, the ArMV virus has been described as an agent of viral disease in Hyacinthus and Lycopersicon esculentum in Lithuania [7,8].…”

“…Reliable detection and identification of viruses affecting plants in mixed infections became possible due to applying modern methods of virus identification, such as DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR. The ArMV virus was described as an agent of virus disease in Hyacinthus and Lycopersicon esculentum [7,8].…”

Reaction of cabbage lines reveals resistance to infection by Cucumber mosaic virus

“…The CMV spreads through the sap of infected plants by leaf contact, through seeds of 19 plant species and by dodder. The large population of aphid vectors is one reason for the widespread nature of CMV (Zitikaitė and Urbanavičienė 2010;Saruhan et al 2015). Although resistance is generally pathogen-specific, the use of disease-resistant crop varieties is regarded as an economical and durable method for controlling plant diseases, especially those caused by viruses (Ashfaq et al 2014).…”