Detection of insecticide detoxification enzymes activities in Aedes aegypti mosquito, the vector of dengue fever in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In this study, the sensitivity of Aedes aegypti mosquitoe larvae to four types of pesticides two phosphorous-based and two pyrethroid insecticides was investigated. The larvae revealed approximately 1.126-fold more susceptibility to Safrotin (LC50 = 0.127 ppm) than Fendure (LC50 = 0.143) in the case of phosphorous-based pesticides and approximately 1.265-fold more susceptibility to AlphaQuest (LC50 = 0.0347 ppm) than Klash (LC50 = 0.0439) in the case of pyrothroid insecticides. Comparison between groups revealed that AlphaQuest was more effective than Klash, Safrotin and Fendure by approximately 1.3, 3.6 and 4.1-fold, respectively. The presence of enzyme activities relevant to insecticide resistance was often evaluated using enzyme assays to detect the underlying resistance mechanisms that may not be detected using bioassays. In this study, the results revealed significant decrease in the activity of esterase, glutathione- S- transferase and acetylcholine esterase enzymes to varying degrees. There were significant increases in catalase and total glutathione activity in all treatments compared to the control. The study concluded that this variation in enzyme activities is due to the type and purity of the additive compound and the source and purity of the active ingredient. The study recommends using the catalase enzyme and total glutathione as a biomarker indication for pesticide synergistic intoxication in aquatic animals.

Efficacy of certain conventional and non‐conventional insecticides against a vector of dengue fever, the Aedes aegypti Mosquito in Saudi Arabia

“…In general, these results lead us to conclude that the differences in the level of mosquito sensitivity are due to the mechanism of action of the tested pesticides and the concentrations used. Fluctuations of the percentage of mosquito larval mortality at different concentrations of the different compounds supported our conclusion (Algamdi & Mahyoub 2022; Canyon & Hii 1999; Nazny et al . 2005).…”

Biological comparative study between Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquito and Wolbachia-uninfected strain, Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia

“…The extract was prepared according to the method described by ( Algamdi and jazem, 2022 ). One hundred milligrams of adult A. aegypti mosquitoes were crushed in 10 ml of sodium phosphate buffer at a concentration of 20 mmol and pH 7.5.…”

Biosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using Senna alexandrina Miller extract against Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Most control programs focus on conventional insecticides; suppression and control of the fatal disease is laid squarely on the control of its vectors. Widespread use of conventional insecticides to control mosquitoes have not only resulted in the development of resistance in many species of mosquito vectors, but have also caused environmental pollution (Algamdi & Mahyoub 2022a; Algamdi & Mahyoub 2022b). One of the most efficient strategies to control vector‐borne diseases is to disrupt the life cycle of the vectors.…”