Detection of Helicobacter pylori in City Water, Dental Units′ Water, and Bottled Mineral Water in Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infection in human is one of the most common infections worldwide. However, the origin and transmission of this bacterium has not been clearly explained. One of the suggested theories is transmission via water. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of H. pylori in tap water, dental units' water, and bottled mineral water in Iran. In the present study, totally 200 water samples were collected in Isfahan province and tested for H. pylori by cultural method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by the detection of the ureC (glmM) gene. Using cultural method totally 5 cultures were positive. Two out of 50 tap water samples (4%), 2 out of 35 dental units' water (5.8%) samples, and 1 out of 40 (2.5% ) from water cooler in public places were found to be contaminated with H. pylori. H. pylori ureC gene was detected in 14 (7%) of water samples including 5 tap water (10%), 4 dental units' water (11.4%), 1 refrigerated water with filtration, and 4 (10%) water cooler in public places samples. This may be due to the coccoid form of bacteria which is detected by PCR method.

Synergistic effects of combined curcumin and antibiotic in ameliorating an animal model of Helicobacter pylori infection

“…It is also related to the emergence of cynomolgus and stomach lymphoma. Several studies had examined the role of Helicobacter pylori as a potential risk factor for coronary arteries [18]. In Iran, several studies have been done on the role of this bacterium and the incidence of atherosclerosis, gallstones, and indigestion, and further studies have been done on the role of Helicobacter pylori in the metabolic syndrome, as well as type I diabetes and insulin resistance [19].…”

“…What is considered appropriate for Helicobacter pylori treatment in metronidazole triple therapy, tetracycline and bismuth, which is not costly, but has a series of side effects such as oral metallic taste due to metronidazole and increased sensitivity to light in the effect taking tetracycline and other complications such as gray-colored intermittent oral and dental pains, constipation, diarrhea and stool colon [18][19][20]. Several studies carried out in various fields such as biotechnology, pharmacognosy, drug chemistry and etc., in order to find new drugs to influence on this infection, among which special attention has been paid to medicinal plants.…”

Molecular Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in Brazilian Patients with Early Gastric Cancer and a Review to Understand the Prognosis of the Disease

“…In the same way, food-borne transmission has not been substantiated [14]. Nevertheless, the waterborne infection remains possible [15,16].…”

Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Drinking Water by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

“…is investigated in natural environmental waters, including ground water, fresh water streams, and off-shore marine waters using molecular technique, but it is rarely isolated from these kinds of samples (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Since H. pylori have the propensity for exhibiting 2 forms: spiral and coccoid.…”