Detection of Human Herpesvirus-7 DNA in Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Astegiano, Sara; Costa, Cristina; Terlizzi, Maria Elena; Sidoti, Francesca; Gambarino, Stefano; Mantovani, Samantha; Solidoro, Paolo; Cavallo, Rossana; Bergallo, Massimiliano

doi:10.1159/000264202

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, other researchers have failed to find any differences (3,12,30). Thus, the clinical importance of HHVs infection in critically ill patients, is a subject of discussion and needs further well-designed observational studies (27,(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Herpes Viruses in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Critically Ill Children Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation at a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Amanati

Karimi

Fahimzad

et al. 2018

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Background: Critically ill children at the intensive care unit frequently develop hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Human herpes viruses (HHVs), primarily or by reactivation may cause bronchopneumonitis in mechanically ventilated patients. The exact prevalence and role of HHVs in morbidity and mortality of pediatric patients undergoing mechanical ventilation is unclear. The current study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of 5 Herpes viruses by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples in critically ill children at a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: Overall, 140 bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 83 mechanically ventilated cases were studied. Samples were taken via the mini-BAL technique. Samples were analyzed by qualitative PCR for detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV1/HSV2), human herpes virus type 6 and 7 (HHV6/HHV7), Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Herpes Viruses in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Critically Ill Children Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation at a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Amanati

Karimi

Fahimzad

et al. 2018

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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“…HHV-7 detected in the lungs is recognized as a risk factor for interstitial pneumonia or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [ 51 ]. The positive rate of HHV-7 using PCR detection is 20.7%, and the viral load in immunosuppressed patients exceeds that in immunocompetent individuals [ 52 ]. In this research, the overall detection rate of HHV-7 is 20.18%, and 30% of immunosuppressed individuals harbor HHV-7, consistent with prior multicenter retrospective studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections: clinical assessment of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identification of risk factors in patients

Gao,

Li,

et al. 2024

Respir Res

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Introduction Lower respiratory tract infections(LRTIs) in adults are complicated by diverse pathogens that challenge traditional detection methods, which are often slow and insensitive. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) offers a comprehensive, high-throughput, and unbiased approach to pathogen identification. This retrospective study evaluates the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS compared to conventional microbiological testing (CMT) in LRTIs, aiming to enhance detection accuracy and enable early clinical prediction. Methods In our retrospective single-center analysis, 451 patients with suspected LRTIs underwent mNGS testing from July 2020 to July 2023. We assessed the pathogen spectrum and compared the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS to CMT, with clinical comprehensive diagnosis serving as the reference standard. The study analyzed mNGS performance in lung tissue biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from cases suspected of lung infection. Patients were stratified into two groups based on clinical outcomes (improvement or mortality), and we compared clinical data and conventional laboratory indices between groups. A predictive model and nomogram for the prognosis of LRTIs were constructed using univariate followed by multivariate logistic regression, with model predictive accuracy evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results (1) Comparative Analysis of mNGS versus CMT: In a comprehensive analysis of 510 specimens, where 59 cases were concurrently collected from lung tissue biopsies and BALF, the study highlights the diagnostic superiority of mNGS over CMT. Specifically, mNGS demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity and specificity in BALF samples (82.86% vs. 44.42% and 52.00% vs. 21.05%, respectively, p < 0.001) alongside greater positive and negative predictive values (96.71% vs. 79.55% and 15.12% vs. 5.19%, respectively, p < 0.01). Additionally, when comparing simultaneous testing of lung tissue biopsies and BALF, mNGS showed enhanced sensitivity in BALF (84.21% vs. 57.41%), whereas lung tissues offered higher specificity (80.00% vs. 50.00%). (2) Analysis of Infectious Species in Patients from This Study: The study also notes a concerning incidence of lung abscesses and identifies Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Fusobacterium nucleatum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, and Haemophilus influenzae as the most common pathogens, with Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging as the predominant bacterial culprit. Among herpes viruses, EBV and herpes virus 7 (HHV-7) were most frequently detected, with HHV-7 more prevalent in immunocompromised individuals. (3) Risk Factors for Adverse Prognosis and a Mortality Risk Prediction Model in Patients with LRTIs: We identified key risk factors for poor prognosis in lower respiratory tract infection patients, with significant findings including delayed time to mNGS testing, low lymphocyte percentage, presence of chronic lung disease, multiple comorbidities, false-negative CMT results, and positive herpesvirus affecting patient outcomes. We also developed a nomogram model with good consistency and high accuracy (AUC of 0.825) for predicting mortality risk in these patients, offering a valuable clinical tool for assessing prognosis. Conclusion The study underscores mNGS as a superior tool for lower respiratory tract infection diagnosis, exhibiting higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional methods.

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“…There are several reports on the increased detection of non-respiratory viruses involved in viral CAP in respiratory samples from immunocompetent patients, although at a lower frequency than in immunocompromised hosts. Besides, EBV has been the most commonly detected one, followed by HHV-7, HHV-6, and CMV at different rates among patients with various respiratory diseases (18)(19)(20). In two different reports on ARDS patients with unknown etiology, Bonizzoli reported a prevalence of 43% for EBV and 28% for HSV-1 and CMV (21), and in the second survey, Tachikawa et al found CMV (60%), EBV (45%), HSV-1 (31%), HHV-7 (2%), and HHV-6 (5%) (22).…”

Section: E G I O N E L L a P N E U M O P L H I L A V Z V H S V 2 H U M A N P A R E C H O V I R U S P A R C O V I R U S B 1 9 C Y T O M E mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipathogen Detection in Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection: Identification of Non-respiratory Viruses Using Multiplex Real-time Polymerase Reaction

Agin

Heydarifard

Ghalichi

et al. 2022

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Due to the overlapping clinical characteristics of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and the unavailability of appropriate diagnostic techniques, the diagnosis of RTIs is controversial. Objectives: The study aimed to prompt the diagnosis of RTIs using commercial multiplex real-time PCR. Methods: The survey undertook for two years (2019 - 2020) on 144 flu-negative immunocompetent outpatients. Respiratory samples were examined by multiplex PCR assays. Results: Study population consisted of females (n = 77, 53.5%) and males (n = 67, 46.5%). The mean age was 42.8 ± 23.7 years. Thirty-one (21.5%) patients were infected with only one viral or bacterial infection. Eighty-two (57%) were infected with more than one pathogen. Ninety-five (37%) and 161 (62%) tests were positive for bacterial and viral pathogens, respectively. Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) and atypical CAP pathogens included 17% and 10% of respiratory specimens, respectively. The predominant pathogens consisted of Human Herpes Virus 7 (HHV-7) (n = 38, 15.5%), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) (n = 34, 13.8%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (n = 24, 9.8%), and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) (n = 21, 8.5%). There were associations between pathogen findings and special age categories. Fever, cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis were associated with certain pathogens. There was no substantial difference between viral and bacterial Ct concerning gender, age group, and comorbidities. Conclusions: Multiplex diagnostic assays significantly increased the rate of appropriate diagnosis of respiratory pathogens. However, further investigation is needed to find non-respiratory viruses' significance in respiratory specimens of immunocompetent symptomatic patients.

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Detection of Human Herpesvirus-7 DNA in Bronchoalveolar Lavage

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Prevalence of Human Herpes Viruses in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Critically Ill Children Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation at a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Prevalence of Human Herpes Viruses in Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Critically Ill Children Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation at a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

A single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections: clinical assessment of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identification of risk factors in patients

Multipathogen Detection in Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection: Identification of Non-respiratory Viruses Using Multiplex Real-time Polymerase Reaction

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