Detection of HIV-1 in seminal plasma and seminal cells of HIV-1 seropositive men

Dulioust, Emmanuel; Tachet, Anne; Almeida, Martha de; Finkielsztejn, Laurent; Rivalland, S; Salmon, Dominique; Sicard, Didier; Rouzioux, Christine; Jouannet, Pierre

doi:10.1016/s0165-0378(98)00047-3

Cited by 49 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…HIV is present in semen as free virions and as cell-associated virus and both forms of HIV can be transmitted to the female genital tract, as suggested in studies using ex vivo explants of cervico-vaginal tissue and in animal studies [20,21]. Although it is currently still unclear which form causes the majority of new infections, some studies have suggested that cell-associated virus is transmitted more efficiently [22][23][24].…”

Section: Reviews In Medical Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV sexual transmission and microbicides

Ariën

Jespers

Vanham

2011

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Pathogens often rely on the contacts between hosts for transmission. Most viruses have adapted their transmission mechanisms to defined behaviours of their host(s) and have learned to exploit these for their own propagation. Some viruses, such as HIV, the human papillomavirus (HPV), HSV-2 and HCV, cause sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Understanding the transmission of particular viral variants and comprehending the early adaptation and evolution is fundamental to eventually inhibiting sexual transmission of HIV. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms of sexual transmission and the biology of the transmitted HIV. Next, we present a timely overview of candidate microbicides, including past, ongoing and future clinical trials of HIV topical microbicides.

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Section: Reviews In Medical Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV sexual transmission and microbicides

Ariën

Jespers

Vanham

2011

Reviews in Medical Virology

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“…Many studies (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) used the Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor test of Roche Diagnostics, which included an internal quantitative standard. This standard with a known copy number of HIV-1 RNA, generally 50 to 60 HIV-1 RNA copies per RT-PCR (2,000 to 2,600 HIV-1 RNA copies per milliliter), is introduced in the sample to be tested undiluted and diluted 1:5 and is amplified by the same primers as the HIV target but has a different sequence and is recognized by a different probe than the probe that recognized the HIV target.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dulioust et al (11), using the Amplicor test with the NASBA extraction, found 17% of semen containing HIV-1 RNA after Percoll. These patients had high blood viral load (medians, 4.9 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies per milliliter) compared with men who did not have detectable HIV-1 RNA in their semen (median, 3 log10 HIV-1 RNA copies per milliliter).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and evaluation of a qualitative reverse-transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction protocol for same-day viral validation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ribonucleic acid in processed semen

Lesage¹,

Vannin²,

Emiliani³

et al. 2006

Fertility and Sterility

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“…Quite recently, the Anderson's group (Quayle et al, 1997(Quayle et al, , 1998) provided a reiterated claim that in AIDS patient ejaculates, tested by PCR, both T cells and macrophages contain HIV-1 DNA, whereas germ cells, including spermatozoa, are devoid of it. On the contrary, Dulioust et al (1998) found HIV-1 RNA in spermatozoa of seropositive asymptomatic men. Moreover, Scofield (1998) found that spermatozoa penetrated into lymphoid cells enhance their susceptibility to HIV infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%