Detection of GHRP‐2 and GHRP‐6 in urine samples from athletes

Cox, Holly D.; Hughes, Cole M.; Eichner, Daniel

doi:10.1002/dta.1791

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These metabolites were previously detected in urine samples after nasal administration of GHRP‐6 and in the samples of GHRP‐6 metabolism in vitro . Analysis of athlete urine samples showed that GHRP‐6 administration can be sufficiently detected by analyzing the intact peptide only . The present study suggests that GHRP‐6 metabolites can be detected in the course of routine anti‐doping screening as well.…”

Section: Development Of Sample Preparation Protocolssupporting

confidence: 61%

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Solid‐phase extraction of small biologically active peptides on cartridges and microelution 96‐well plates from human urine

Semenistaya¹,

Zvereva²,

Krotov³

et al. 2015

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Currently liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis after solid-phase extraction (SPE) on weak cation-exchange cartridges is a method of choice for anti-doping analysis of small bioactive peptides such as growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs), desmoporessin, LHRH, and TB-500 short fragment. Dilution of urine samples with phosphate buffer for pH adjustment and SPE on weak cation exchange microelution plates was tested as a means to increase throughput of this analysis. Dilution using 200 mM phosphate buffer provides good buffering capacity without affecting the peptides recoveries. SPE on microelution plates was performed on Waters Positive Pressure-96 Processor with subsequent evaporation of eluates in nitrogen flow. Though the use of smaller sample volume decreases the pre-concentration factor and increases the limits of detection of 5 out of 17 detected peptides, the recovery, linearity, and reproducibility of the microelution extraction were comparable with cartridge SPE. The effectiveness of protocols was confirmed by analysis of urine samples containing ipamorelin, and GHRP-6 and its metabolites. SPE after urine sample dilution with buffer can be used for faster sample preparation. The use of microelution plates decreases consumption of solvents and allows processing of up to 96 samples simultaneously. Cartridge SPE with manual рН adjustment remains the best option for confirmation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Development Of Sample Preparation Protocolssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…It is impossible to conduct such a study since these peptides are not approved for clinical use. Therefore, they are included in most of the described methods for GHRP determination . In the present study to avoid the risk of false negative results intact GHRP‐1 and Alexamorelin were also targeted.…”

Section: Development Of Sample Preparation Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid‐phase extraction of small biologically active peptides on cartridges and microelution 96‐well plates from human urine

Semenistaya¹,

Zvereva²,

Krotov³

et al. 2015

Drug Testing and Analysis

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show abstract

“…Among the new additions to the GHRP portfolio, PEGylated GHRP‐2 (as agonist) and PEGylated as well as palmitoylated ghrelin receptor inverse agonists were described, pointing into a direction that might necessitate expanded doping control analytical approaches in the future. Currently, predominantly findings of GHRP‐2 and GHRP‐6 in seized material as well as routine sports drug testing samples have been mentioned, with urinary concentrations necessitating LODs for the intact drug and diagnostic metabolites in the low pg/mL range. The question whether intranasal GHRP administrations are detectable by doping control analytical strategies was answered by Semenistaya et al ., who analyzed urine samples of individuals having received a single dose of either GHRP‐1, GHRP‐2, GHRP‐6, hexarelin, or ipamorelin at 5 µg/kg body weight .…”

Section: Peptide Hormones Growth Factors and Related Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual banned‐substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing

Thevis

Kuuranne

Walpurgis

et al. 2016

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The aim of improving anti-doping efforts is predicated on several different pillars, including, amongst others, optimized analytical methods. These commonly result from exploiting most recent developments in analytical instrumentation as well as research data on elite athletes' physiology in general, and pharmacology, metabolism, elimination, and downstream effects of prohibited substances and methods of doping, in particular. The need for frequent and adequate adaptations of sports drug testing procedures has been incessant, largely due to the uninterrupted emergence of new chemical entities but also due to the apparent use of established or even obsolete drugs for reasons other than therapeutic means, such as assumed beneficial effects on endurance, strength, and regeneration capacities. Continuing the series of annual banned-substance reviews, literature concerning human sports drug testing published between October 2014 and September 2015 is summarized and reviewed in reference to the content of the 2015 Prohibited List as issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), with particular emphasis on analytical approaches and their contribution to enhanced doping controls.

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“…Besides, their ergogenic ability has been reported, so they are becoming very appreciated as substances of abuse by cheating athletes that seek new alternatives to traditional doping [12,13]. In fact, several of these GHRPs are available in the black market and can be obtained easily on the Internet [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Growth Hormone Releasing Peptides in Serum by a Competitive Receptor Binding Assay

Ferro¹,

Krotov²,

Zvereva³

et al. 2017

J Chromatogr Sep Tech

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Detection of GHRP‐2 and GHRP‐6 in urine samples from athletes

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Solid‐phase extraction of small biologically active peptides on cartridges and microelution 96‐well plates from human urine

Solid‐phase extraction of small biologically active peptides on cartridges and microelution 96‐well plates from human urine

Annual banned‐substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing

Detection of Growth Hormone Releasing Peptides in Serum by a Competitive Receptor Binding Assay

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