Detection of equine arteritis virus in semen by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction–ELISA

Ramina, Angelo; Valle, Luisa Dalla; Mas, S. De; Tisato, Ernesto; Zuin, A.; Renier, M.; Cuteri, Vincenzo; Valente, C.; Cancellotti, F. M.

doi:10.1016/s0147-9571(98)00136-2

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…46,49 The application of these techniques to identify viral RNA in tissues may be very useful for diagnostic purposes and further studies, although sensitivity and specificity for routine diagnostic use still need to be proven.…”

Section: Serology and Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Viral Arteritis

Piero

2000

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. Equine viral arteritis (EVA) can cause prominent economic losses for the equine industry. The purpose of this review is to provide the pathologist some familiarity with the clinical history, lesions, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of EVA. EVA is caused by an arterivirus (equine arteritis virus, EAV), and the vascular system is the principal but not unique viral target. EVA has variable presentations, including interstitial pneumonia, panvasculitis with edema, thrombosis and hemorrhage, lymphoid necrosis, renal tubular necrosis, abortion, and inflammation of male accessory genital glands. EAV antigen (EAVAg) can be demonstrated within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells such as alveolar pneumocytes, enterocytes, adrenal cortical cells, trophoblasts, thymus stroma, renal tubular cells, and male accessory genital gland cells. It can be also demonstrated within endothelia, in vascular, myometrial, and cardiac myocytes, macrophages, dendritelike cells of lymphoid organs, and chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells. In young and adult horses, following colonization of macrophages, the virus spreads systemically using circulating monocytes and enters the endothelium and tunica media of blood vessels, histiocytes, and dendritelike cells. Eventually, the virus multiplies within renal tubular cells. Lesions are uncommon in the aborted fetus; if present, they are mild, and EAVAg is frequently not detectable within fetal tissues and placenta. The clinical presentation and lesions of EVA may resemble those of other diseases. Complete pathologic examination associated with immunohistochemistry, virus isolation, and, especially in cases of abortion, serology will guarantee a directed and accurate diagnosis.

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Section: Serology and Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Viral Arteritis

Piero

2000

Vet Pathol

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“…Several reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays (e.g. standard RT-PCR, RT-nested PCR [RT-nPCR] and real-time RT-PCR [rRT-PCR]) for detection of EAV nucleic acids in cell culture supernatants and clinical specimens have been developed (Balasuriya et al, 2002b;Chirnside and Spaan, 1990;Gilbert et al, 1997;Ramina et al, 1999;Sekiguchi et al, 1995;St-Laurent et al, 1994;Westcott et al, 2003). These assays target different genes (ORFs 1b, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7), and their sensitivity and specificity vary considerably.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Eav Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine arteritis virus

Balasuriya

Maclachlan

2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a respiratory and reproductive disease of equids. There has been significant recent progress in understanding the molecular biology of EAV and the pathogenesis of its infection in horses. In particular, the use of contemporary genomic techniques, along with the development and reverse genetic manipulation of infectious cDNA clones of several strains of EAV, has generated significant novel information regarding the basic molecular biology of the virus. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize current understanding of EAV virion architecture, replication, evolution, molecular epidemiology and genetic variation, pathogenesis including the influence of host genetics on disease susceptibility, host immune response, and potential vaccination and treatment strategies.

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“…Several reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, including, nested RT-PCR (RT-nPCR) and real-time RT-PCR assays have been developed for detection of the EAV nucleic acids in cell culture supernatants and clinical specimens [75][76][77][78][79][80][81]. Assays using RT-PCR have several potential advantages over the current virus isolation procedure.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%