Detection of doubled shot noise in short normal-metal/ superconductor junctions

Jehl, X.; Sanquer, M.; Calemczuk, R.; Mailly, D.

doi:10.1038/35011012

Cited by 158 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Current fluctuations in conductors have been extensively studied because they provide additional information compared to the average current, in particular for interacting systems [1]. Shot noise measurements demonstrated the charge of quasiparticles in the fractional quantum Hall effect [2] and in superconductors [3]. However, to perform such measurements for semiconductor quantum dots (QD) using conventional noise measurements techniques is very challenging.…”

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confidence: 99%

Counting Statistics of Single Electron Transport in a Quantum Dot

et al. 2006

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We have measured the full counting statistics (FCS) of current fluctuations in a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) by real-time detection of single electron tunneling with a quantum point contact (QPC). This method gives direct access to the distribution function of current fluctuations. Suppression of the second moment (related to the shot noise) and the third moment (related to the asymmetry of the distribution) in a tunable semiconductor QD is demonstrated experimentally.With this method we demonstrate the ability to measure very low current and noise levels.

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confidence: 99%

Counting Statistics of Single Electron Transport in a Quantum Dot

et al. 2006

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“…3(b), where we used q = e and different Fano factors 0.38 ≤ F ≤ 0.48 fixed by the slope of each dataset in the shot noise regime. We attribute the narrowing of the crossover region to the impact of the AR at the TI-S interface, which gives rise to doubling of the effective charge in diffusive N-S contacts 27,38 . Using the analog of Eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

Andreev Reflection in ans-Type Superconductor Proximized 3D Topological Insulator

et al. 2016

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We investigate transport and shot noise in lateral N-TI-S contacts, where N is a normal metal, TI is a Bi-based three dimensional topological insulator (3D TI), and S is an s-type superconductor. In the normal state, the devices are in the elastic diffusive transport regime, as demonstrated by a nearly universal value of the shot noise Fano factor FN ≈ 1/3 in magnetic field and in a reference normal metal contact. In the absence of magnetic field, we identify the Andreev reflection (AR) regime, which gives rise to the effective charge doubling in shot noise measurements. Surprisingly, the Fano factor FAR ≈ 0.22 ± 0.02 is considerably reduced in the AR regime compared to FN, in contrast to previous AR experiments in normal metals and semiconductors. We suggest that this effect is related to a finite thermal conduction of the proximized, superconducting TI owing to a residual density of states at low energies.A surface state of a three-dimensional topological insulator (3D TI) is a unique example of a spin-orbit coupled and symmetry protected conductor 1 . Similar to graphene, in 3D TI the surface electronic states are massless Dirac fermions. Unlike in graphene, however, a single Dirac cone is lacking spin and valley degeneracies. That makes a 3D TI an intriguing candidate for the realization of a solid state two-dimensional topological superconductor 2 . As originally proposed by Fu and Kane 3 , p-wave like superconducting correlations are expected to emerge via proximity coupling the 3D TI to a conventional stype superconductor (S). This gives rise to symmetry protected Majorana zero modes bound at vortices or at the boundaries of various hybrid structures 4,5 . Emerging zero modes are predicted to have a strong impact on the low energy physics, modifying Andreev reflection (AR) at the interface with a normal metal 6 , affecting the edge conductance distribution 7 , noise 8 and thermal transport 9,10 .Proximity induced superconductivity has been demonstrated in 3D TIs based on Bi 11-17 and HgTe 18,19 with the reported values of the induced gap on the order of a few 100 µeV. Similar gap values were recently observed via Andreev spectroscopy 20 in quaternary BiSbTeSe compound, established as a 3D TI with negligible contribution of the bulk conduction 21,22 . In spite of these advances, the microscopic nature of the proximity induced gap in Bi-based 3D TIs remains largely unexplored. This particularly concerns the statistics of the transmission eigenvalue distribution in short junctions and the role of possible in-gap states. On this route, valuable information, often hidden in transport, can be obtained via measurements of the non-equilibrium current fluctuationsthe shot noise 23 . Relevant for the AR, prominent examples include unusual shot noise behavior at the interface between a normal metal and superconductors with other than s-type order parameter symmetry 24,25 and, more recently, shot noise detection of the thermal and charge transport via Majorana zero modes 9,10,26 .Here, we investigate the AR in latera...

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“…We have shown that current noise measurements provide a precise description of electronic transport in Josephson junctions. Having now a clear description of the current noise in diffusive S/N/S junctions and in diffusive S/N contacts [35,36], we are now addressing the problem of crossed correlations in multi-terminal superconducting hybrid nanostructures. The idea is to fabricate a normal nanostucture that is connected to one or several superconducting electrodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid superconducting nanostructures: very low temperature local probing and noise

Chapelier¹,

Lefloch²,

Courtois³

et al. 2010

IJNT

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Abstract:We review the topic of hybrid superconducting nanostructures by introducing the basic physical concepts and describing recent key experimental results. We discuss the superconductivity nucleation in mesoscopic structures, the vortex lattice imaging in doped diamond films, the superconducting proximity effect, multiple Andreev reflection in Josephson junctions and the electronic micro-cooling in hybrid tunnel junctions. An emphasis is put on very low temperature local probes and noise measurement techniques developed in Grenoble.

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Detection of doubled shot noise in short normal-metal/ superconductor junctions

Cited by 158 publications

References 25 publications

Counting Statistics of Single Electron Transport in a Quantum Dot

Counting Statistics of Single Electron Transport in a Quantum Dot

Andreev Reflection in ans-Type Superconductor Proximized 3D Topological Insulator

Hybrid superconducting nanostructures: very low temperature local probing and noise

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