Detection of benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide–DNA adducts in sperm of men exposed to cigarette smoke

Apoptotic markers in semen of infertile men: association with cigarette smoking

“…Previous "in vivo" studies showed that benzo(a)pyrene, a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon resulting from cigarette combustion, is able to bind to DNA forming adducts. These adducts have been reported to be increased in spermatozoa of smoking men compared with non-smoking and show a direct correlation with plasma concentration of cotinine (50). However, Ex- posure of spermatozoa obtained from healthy men with normal sperm parameters to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) resulted in sperm apoptosis, suggested by the increased number of spermatozoa with phosphatidyl-serine (PS) externalization and with fragmented DNA (sign of late apoptosis) after both short-and long term incubation (9).…”

Semen and reproductive parameters during some abstinence periods after cigarette smoke exposure in male rats

“…Investigations have also found that cigarette smoking decreases sperm motility (Sofikitis et al 1995), increases abnormal sperm morphology (Sofikitis et al 1995;Künzle et al 2003) and decreases sperm concentration (Künzle et al 2003). The sperm cells have low capacity for DNA repair while the paternal transmission of genotoxic damage is high (Zenzes et al 1999). As a result increased risks for birth defects and childhood cancer can be observed in the offspring (Sorahan et al 1997).…”

Occupational and Lifestyle Exposures on Male Infertility: A Mini Review

“…Occupational activities involving exposure to specific chemicals or expositions to toxicants may impair male reproductive health and cause infertility in humans [27,37,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58].…”