Detection of Antimicrobial Drug Residues in Kenyan Milk

Shitandi, Anakalo; Sternesjö, Åse

doi:10.1111/j.1745-4565.2001.tb00319.x

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Other positive cases were also found in cow milk (Bos taurus) in Trinidad, as mentioned by Adesiyun and Webb (20) , who found that 10.8% of samples were positive for antimicrobial residues. Moreover, Shitandi (21) reported that 21% of milk samples were also positive for antibiotic residues in Kenya, and according to Alomirah et al (22) , 5.4% of imported pasteurized milk samples and 3.4% of local pasteurized samples were positive for antibiotic residues in Kuwait. Another example is the one by Khaskheli et al (23) , who found that 37% of the samples were positive for Beta Lactam antibiotic residues in raw cow milk (Bos taurus) also in Pakistan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QUALITY OF REFRIGERATED RAW MILK FROM BUFFALO COWS (Bubalus bubalis bubalis) IN DIFFERENT FARMS AND SEASONS IN BRAZIL

et al. 2017

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The present research aimed to examine the chemical and microbiological characteristics of refrigerated raw milk collected from buffalo-only dairy herds from different farms and seasons. Samples were collected from twelve farms producing buffalo milk, located in the Mideast region of São Paulo state, in Brazil, once a month throughout the dairy calendar year from 2011 to 2014. The analysis of fat, protein, lactose, dry extract, and total solids contents were carried out using Infrared Absorption. Residues for antimicrobial analysis were carried out using Delvo Test Kit technique, and both somatic cell count and standard plate count analysis were carried out using Flow Cytometry. The analysis of the chemical components as well as for the microbiological analysis of SPC proved to be statistically significant throughout the period. No antibiotic residues were found in the totality of the sample, hence indicating that the farmers complied with the current sanitary legislation in that country, as well as SCC; however, higher values were found for the SPC. Significant results for all parameters analyzed were found among the farms, indicating that price incentives paid for the quality of raw milk could be an alternative to dairy processing companies, favoring yield and quality of the final product. Keywords: Brazil; chemical parameters; dairy; microbiological parameters; monitoring. ResumoO presente estudo objetivou examinar as características químicas e microbiológicas do leite cru refrigerado coletado em diferentes fazendas e estações. Amostras foram coletadas em doze fazendas 2 Cienc. anim. bras., Goiânia, v.18, 1-12, e-41815, 2017Quality of refrigerated raw milk from buffalo cows… produtoras de leite de búfala localizadas na região centro-leste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, uma vez ao mês entre os anos de 2011 a 2014. Análises de gordura, proteína, lactose, extrato seco e sólidos totais foram realizadas utilizando-se técnica de Infra-vermelho. Análises de resíduos de antimicrobianos foram realizadas através do teste rápido Kit Delvo Test. Análises de contagem de células somáticas e contagem padrão em placas foram conduzidas através de Citometria de Fluxo. Resultados das análises dos componentes químicos, assim como da análise microbiológica de CPP, demonstraram diferenças estatísticas significativas através das estações para estes parâmetros. Em todas as amostras analisadas nenhum resíduo de antimicrobiano foi detectado, indicando que os produtores estão respeitando a legislação sanitária brasileira vigente, bem como para SCC; no entanto, valores acima do permitido foram encontrados para CPP. Diferenças significativas para todos os parâmetros analisados foram encontradas entre as fazendas investigadas, indicando que o incentivo de preço pago pela qualidade do leite cru poderia ser uma alternativa às empresas de processamento de lácteos, favorecendo o rendimento e a qualidade do produto final. Palavras-chave: Brasil; laticínio; monitoramento; parâmetros químicos; parâmetros microbiológicos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QUALITY OF REFRIGERATED RAW MILK FROM BUFFALO COWS (Bubalus bubalis bubalis) IN DIFFERENT FARMS AND SEASONS IN BRAZIL

et al. 2017

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“…al., 1999). In a previous study (Shitandi & Sternesjö, 2001) the tube test had been observed to have a good sensitivity with the method having an LOD of 1.5µg/Kg compared to the 2 µg/Kg Negative predictive value 95% 91%…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Antibiotics residues in bovine milk are a problem in Kenyan milk (Ombui et al, 1995;Shitandi and Sternesjö, 2001). The β-lactam group of antimicrobials are in particular commonly utilised in lactating animals (Mandell and Perti, 1996;Mitchell et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation of the improved tube test detection limits for b-lactam residues in Kenyan milk

Shitandi¹,

Kihumbu²

2004

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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In Kenya there is currently no screening of antimicrobial drug residues in milk. This study evaluated the improved tube test as a possible screening method using seven representatives of the β-lactam antibiotics. The group comprises antimicrobials most frequently used to treat bacterial infections in dairy cows. Each antimicrobial was tested at five concentrations based on established codex alimentarius maximum residue limits (MRLs). Test parameters studied were practicability and limits of detection (LODs) compared to MRLs and repeatability. The LODs established using a logistic regression model were: penicillin G (2 µg /kg), ampicillin (2 µg /kg), amoxicillin (2 µg /kg), oxacillin (30 µg /kg), cefalexin(100 µg /kg), cephapirin(60 µg /kg) and ceftiofur(100 µg /kg) all within codex alimentarius MRLs. The cost per ten samples using the improved tube test was less than 1 USD compared with 5 USD for the Delvo test. The improved tube test is concluded to be an affordable method, which could be used for qualitative identification of residues in low-income countries dairies.

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“…Studies by Aning et al (2007) and Shitandi and Sternesjō (2007) indicate that the prevalence of antimicrobial residues in milk is relatively high in small scale dairy units where there is no adequate monitoring of withdrawal periods following use of antimicrobial agents in dairy cows. Therefore the need to monitor antimicrobial effects on fermentation of milk still exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Sensitivity of Milk Fermentation to Lactating Cow and Dry Cow Intra-mammary Antimicrobial Agents

Musara

Pote²

2016

AJAFST

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Antimicrobial agents for treatment of mastitis in dairy cows may result in drug residues in milk, suppressing production of fermented dairy products. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of lactating cow and dry cow intra-mammary antimicrobial preparations on fermentation of milk. Samples of ultra-high temperature-treated milk + starter culture (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis), were prepared. Using serial double dilution, erythromycin-trimethoprim lactating cow formula was added to five samples at 62.5-1000 mg/L and cloxacillin benzathine dry cow preparation to another five at 75-1200mg/L. A negative control with neither starter culture nor antimicrobial agent, and a positive control with starter culture but no antimicrobial agent were included. All samples were incubated at 30°C for two days and osmolarity (mOsmoles/L) monitored by a cryoscopic osmometer. From a starting value of 301±1.72 for fresh milk, osmolarity of non-inoculated milk did not rise beyond 314±7.07. Maximum osmolarity of inoculated milk attained in the presence of erythromycin-trimethoprim was 328±0.97, in contrast to 507±35.53 in the presence of cloxacillin benzathine. Hence hydrophilic lactating cow antimicrobial formulas exert a highly significant inhibitory effect on milk fermentation compared to hydrophobic dry cow antimicrobial preparations.

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Detection of Antimicrobial Drug Residues in Kenyan Milk

Cited by 29 publications

References 2 publications

QUALITY OF REFRIGERATED RAW MILK FROM BUFFALO COWS (Bubalus bubalis bubalis) IN DIFFERENT FARMS AND SEASONS IN BRAZIL

QUALITY OF REFRIGERATED RAW MILK FROM BUFFALO COWS (Bubalus bubalis bubalis) IN DIFFERENT FARMS AND SEASONS IN BRAZIL

Laboratory evaluation of the improved tube test detection limits for b-lactam residues in Kenyan milk

Differences in Sensitivity of Milk Fermentation to Lactating Cow and Dry Cow Intra-mammary Antimicrobial Agents

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