Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-Specific Antibodies Prior to and during the Pandemic in 2011–2021 and COVID-19 Observational Study in 2019–2021

Gumanova, Nadezhda G.; Gorshkov, Alexander U; Bogdanova, Natalya L.; Korolev, Andrew I; Драпкина, О. М.

doi:10.3390/vaccines10040581

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Difficulties in comparing serological data obtained using various commercial test systems are caused by several reasons because of not only clinical but also genetic, immunological, environmental and stochastic factors affect the assessment of the humoral response to pathogens magnitude [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] . The few literature data on this subject are contradictory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seroconversion almost always occurs after confirmed COVID-19 even if the disease is mild [9] , [10] , [11] . The rate of formation and persistence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 depends on many factors: the severity of the disease and the time of blood sampling after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms [ 12 , 13 ], age [14] , cross-reactions due to previous diseases with coronaviruses of previous generations and vaccination with non-specific vaccines [15] and genetics component [ 16 , 17 ]. The antibodies blood level is affected by the functional of innant immunity as well as the balance between the links of adaptive immunity - cellular and humoral.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear interdependence of the results of measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels using Abbott and Euroimmun test systems

Ivanov

Kryshen

Семенова

2023

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear interdependence of the results of measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels using Abbott and Euroimmun test systems

Ivanov

Kryshen

Семенова

2023

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Several hypotheses were proposed to explain this lesser disease burden, including a younger demographic structure in SSA ( 2 ), less testing, undercounting of deaths, genetic predispositions, and cross-reactive immunity against previous coronaviruses. Pre-existing cross-reactive immune responses have been reported in many geographical locations ( 3 – 6 ) and in some cases were significantly higher in SSA than in other continents ( 4 ), probably due to the high sequence homology between SARS-CoV-2 and the common coronaviruses in SSA. Such cross-reactive immune responses to other coronaviruses were linked to a decreased likelihood of COVID-19 disease severity in the United States ( 7 ), but not in other regions, such as SSA ( 8 – 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, early, and potent Spike-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA distinguish asymptomatic from mildly symptomatic COVID-19 in Uganda, with IgG persisting for 28 months

Serwanga

Ankunda²,

Sembera³

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionUnderstanding how spike (S)-, nucleoprotein (N)-, and RBD-directed antibody responses evolved in mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 in Africa and their interactions with SARS-CoV-2 might inform development of targeted treatments and vaccines.MethodsHere, we used a validated indirect in-house ELISA to characterise development and persistence of S- and N-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody responses for 2430 SARS-CoV-2 rt-PCR-diagnosed Ugandan specimens from 320 mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 cases, 50 uninfected contacts, and 54 uninfected non-contacts collected weekly for one month, then monthly for 28 months.ResultsDuring acute infection, asymptomatic patients mounted a faster and more robust spike-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA response than those with mild symptoms (Wilcoxon rank test, p-values 0.046, 0.053, and 0.057); this was more pronounced in males than females. Spike IgG antibodies peaked between 25 and 37 days (86.46; IQR 29.47-242.56 BAU/ml), were significantly higher and more durable than N- and RBD IgG antibodies and lasted for 28 months. Anti-spike seroconversion rates consistently exceeded RBD and nucleoprotein rates. Spike- and RBD-directed IgG antibodies were positively correlated until 14 months (Spearman’s rank correlation test, p-values 0.0001 to 0.05), although RBD diminished faster. Significant anti-spike immunity persisted without RBD. 64% and 59% of PCR-negative, non-infected non-contacts and suspects, exhibited baseline SARS-CoV-2 N-IgM serological cross-reactivity, suggesting undetected exposure or abortive infection. N-IgG levels waned after 787 days, while N-IgM levels remained undetectable throughout.DiscussionLower N-IgG seroconversion rates and the absence of N-IgM indicate that these markers substantially underestimate the prior exposure rates. Our findings provide insights into the development of S-directed antibody responses in mild and asymptomatic infections, with varying degrees of symptoms eliciting distinct immune responses, suggesting distinct pathogenic pathways. These longer-lasting data inform vaccine design, boosting strategies, and surveillance efforts in this and comparable settings.

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“…Inclusion criteria were subjects over 18 years of age who volunteered to participate in the microcirculation study. The participants were recruited in 2019 (N = 80), 2020 (N = 129), and 2021 (N = 98) in National Research Center for Preventive Medicine (NRCPM), Moscow, Russia [ 7 ]. Evaluation of the participants included assessment of baseline cardiovascular characteristics by echocardiography, SCORE index calculation and biochemical parameters in the blood at the time of the recruitment visit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Echocardiography is a widely available method of assessment of the structural and functional characteristics of the heart. We aimed to compare the echocardiographic characteristics and the levels of routine blood markers in healthy participants recruited in a 2019–2021 study originally unrelated to COVID-19 [ 7 ]. The recruitment of this cohort was initiated before the pandemic and continued during the pandemic, and the data were used for comparative analysis of the groups of immunoglobulin G antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome-linked coronavirus (IgG-SARS)-positive and IgG-SARS-negative participants in the present study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Healthy Subjects on Cardiac Function and Biomarkers of Oxygen Transport, Blood Coagulation and Inflammation

Gumanova

Gorshkov

Bogdanova

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Background: The manifestations, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 are considered to be associated with the changes in various hematological parameters and in immunity. Associations of immunoglobulin G antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome-linked coronavirus (IgG-SARS)-positive status with cardiac function and hematological and biochemical parameters in apparently health subjects are poorly understood. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 307 healthy volunteers (24–69 years of age; 44.8 ± 8.6 years; 80.4% men) and was initiated in 2019 before the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 episodes were confirmed by detection of IgG-SARS against SARS-CoV-2 S1 RBD to reveal 70 IgG-SARS-positive and 237 negative participants. Numerous ultrasound characteristics were assessed by echocardiography, and 15 hematological and biochemical parameters were assayed in the blood. Descriptive and comparative analysis was based on the IgG-SARS status of the participants. Results: The left ventricular mass index, mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity or flow velocity across the mitral valve, and deceleration time of early mitral inflow were decreased (p < 0.05) in IgG-SARS-positive participants versus those in IgG-SARS-negative participants according to multivariate logistic regression analysis. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and platelet count were slightly increased, and blood hemoglobin was decreased in IgG-SARS-positive participants compared with those in IgG-SARS-negative participants. Conclusions: LV filling, inflammation, blood coagulation, and hemoglobin appear to be influenced by COVID-19 infection in healthy participants. Our observations contribute to the definition of vulnerabilities in the apparently healthy subjects with long COVID-19. These vulnerabilities may be more severe in patients with certain chronic diseases.

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Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 RBD-Specific Antibodies Prior to and during the Pandemic in 2011–2021 and COVID-19 Observational Study in 2019–2021

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Nonlinear interdependence of the results of measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels using Abbott and Euroimmun test systems

Nonlinear interdependence of the results of measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels using Abbott and Euroimmun test systems

Rapid, early, and potent Spike-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA distinguish asymptomatic from mildly symptomatic COVID-19 in Uganda, with IgG persisting for 28 months

Effects of COVID-19 Infection in Healthy Subjects on Cardiac Function and Biomarkers of Oxygen Transport, Blood Coagulation and Inflammation

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