Detection of animal DNA in vegan food by multiplex qPCR system

Köppel, René; Lederman, Regula; Velsen, Franziska van; Ganeshan, Arthika

doi:10.1007/s00217-020-03608-7

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…European Union guidelines set a limit for unintended traces of animal residues to less than 0.1% (1 g/kg) of animal components [53,54]. In the research by Köppel et al [55], animal and fish DNA was detected in two products. One was found to contain cheese and egg, it was a vegetarian product, not a vegan product.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of chicken DNA in commercial dog foods

et al. 2022

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Background These days the number of potential food allergens is very large, but chicken is one of the most common allergens in dogs. Elimination diet is one of the clinical tools for the diagnosis of allergies and allergy tests are not very reliable. The restriction diet is most commonly carried out by feeding pet foods, relying on the ingredients on the label to select an elimination diet not containing previously eaten foods. Unfortunately, mislabeling of pet food is quite common. The purpose of this study was to determine the absence or presence of chicken DNA using both qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis methods in dry and wet maintenance complete pet foods for adult dogs. Results were used to verify the declared composition on the labels. Results Eleven out of fifteen (73%) dog foods were produced as declared by the manufacturer, two of which showed the presence of chicken protein as stated on the label. The remaining nine foods contained amounts of chicken DNA below 1%, consistent with declarations that no chicken was added in the composition. Four of tested dog foods (27%) were not produced consistently with the declaration on the packaging. Two dog foods (one dry and one wet) did not contain the claimed chicken protein. In two foods the addition of chicken DNA was detected at the level of over 2% and almost 6%, respectively. Conclusions In this study, we focused on one of the most commonly undeclared animal species on the label—chicken protein—and performed DNA analyzes to investigate possible contamination and mislabeling. The results showed some inaccuracies. However, most of them are trace amounts below 1%, which proves compliance with the label. Our results showed that undeclared animal species can be as common as missing an animal protein declared on the label. The conducted research indicates that both dry and wet analyzed foods should not be recommended as a diagnostic tool in elimination tests, because it may result in false negative results. Over-the-counter maintenance foods for dogs should not be recommended for the diagnosis and treatment of food hypersensitivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies suggest that further research is needed to move from qualitative screening to quantifying contamination in animals. Moreover, highly processed products, such as gelatin, eggs, and some ripened cheeses, do not contain enough DNA to exclude the presence of mammalian or fish residues in the products [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of chicken DNA in commercial dog foods

et al. 2022

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“…Real-time PCR is a feasible, inexpensive, and reliable method for the analysis of genetic material in tissues to which pathogens have affinity. Culture-independent bacterial identification methods based on RT-PCR have common use in detecting nondeclared animal products found in food of animal origin, including meat and milk (Köppel et al 2020). The disadvantage of these methods is the search for specific unculturable target bacteria/species with the use of species-specific probes.…”

Section: Detection Of Unculturable Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

General Assessment of Approaches to the Identification of Aquatic Bacterial Pathogens: A Methodological Review

2022

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In the evolving biosphere, pathogenic microorganisms that cause disease may undergo phenotypic changes. While some of these changes result in new variants or mutants, others lead to the emergence of novel pathogens. Such phenotypic changes as well as advances in technology and analytical methods and the identification of genomic sequences of microbial DNA have brought about new methodological approaches in the diagnosis of bacterial diseases. Although bacterial identification was originally based on phenotypic characteristics, later researchers claimed that bacteria could be accurately identified by only gene sequencing and generally by the sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene region. Currently, there is still disagreement between classical microbiologists and those using new genomic sequence technology over the best method for identification. Fish are cold‐blooded animals, and fish pathogens generally exhibit psychrophilic characteristics. Many bacterial identification systems that are used to identify mesophilic bacteria remain useless for identifying fish pathogens because the optimum incubation temperatures for mesophilic bacteria are 35–37°C. Bacteria that are pathogenic to piscine species require specific media for their cultivation at lower incubation temperatures (15–28°C), and this limits both their growth in culture and subsequent identification by phenotype‐based methods. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the isolation and identification of bacterial fish pathogens by optimal culture conditions, biochemical tests, colorimetric methods for rapid identification systems, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and immunological and molecular methods, as well as an overview of the detection of uncultivable bacteria and the use of anamnesis. We conclude that the accurate identification of fish pathogens requires the use of different methods, including phenotype‐ and genotype‐based tests, and the evaluation of anamnesis.

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“…Multiplex PCR assays simultaneously identify several species by using species‐specific primers, and they are being extensively applied to the detection and differentiation of species present in food products (Fairchild et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2022). qPCR‐based approaches are also commonly applied in food authentication processes due to their high sensitivity and specificity (Aldeguer et al., 2014; Köppel et al., 2021; Moon et al., 2018). During the past decade, DNA barcoding has become a powerful tool for species identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barcoding High Resolution Melting (Bar‐HRM) enables the discrimination between toxic plants and edible vegetables prior to consumption and after digestion

Anthoons

Lagiotis

Drouzas

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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The consumption of poisonous plants can lead to serious health problems or even casualties due to various factors, including easy access to poisonous plants due to their common distribution, co-occurrence and resemblance with edible plants, and the lack of regulation in the food product supply chain. Clinical diagnosis of intoxications usually relies on the availability of the plant consumed by the patient and on the morphology of the plant parts found in the patient's stomach. Therefore, given the fragmented nature of ingested plant material, species identification may face serious difficulties, can be inaccurate, and timeconsuming. This highlights the need for rapid and reliable tools to identify toxic species. In the present study, we developed an ITS2-high-resolution melting (HRM) assay for: (1) the discrimination of common toxic plants and their edible lookalikes, and (2) the detection of toxic plants in digested samples. More specifically, we designed species-specific ITS2 primers for the authentication of poisonous species in simulated mixtures and verified them with Bar-HRM.Moreover, the developed HRM-based molecular tool was capable of quantifying the toxic species Datura stramonium in simulated mixtures with the edible Amaranthus retroflexus down to at least 0.5% v/v. This study shows that speciesspecific ITS2 primers can amplify the DNA from fragmented and/or artificially digested samples and that Bar-HRM is capable of detecting poisonous plant species in digested samples even after 4 h. The developed Bar-HRM protocol has important implications for application in medicine, forensics, and the agricultural industry, either to accurately detect the cause of plant intoxications or as a tool for quality control in the supply chain.

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Detection of animal DNA in vegan food by multiplex qPCR system

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Detection of chicken DNA in commercial dog foods

Detection of chicken DNA in commercial dog foods

General Assessment of Approaches to the Identification of Aquatic Bacterial Pathogens: A Methodological Review

Barcoding High Resolution Melting (Bar‐HRM) enables the discrimination between toxic plants and edible vegetables prior to consumption and after digestion

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