Detection of a Non-Cultivatable Calicivirus From the White Tern (Gygis Alba Rothschildi)

Poet, Steven E.; Skilling, Douglas E.; Megyesi, Jennifer L.; Gilmartin, William G.; Smith, Alvin W.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-32.3.461

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Based on the previous description of calicivirus-like particles in avian species [5][6][7], including chickens with RSS [4,8] the initial goal of our study was the molecular detection of caliciviruses in avian fecal specimens. Fecal swabs collected from broiler chickens, domestic ducks, turkeys, and Canadian geese in Delaware, and litter extracts collected from chicken and turkey farms in North Carolina were tested using P289/P290 (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the morphological descriptions of small round viruses in healthy and diseased avian species [4][5][6][7][8] we initiated a study for the molecular detection of caliciviruses in avian fecal specimens. This study utilized a broadly reactive primer set targeting conserved amino acid motifs encoding regions present in calicivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) and are partially also present in other viral RdRps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection of novel picornaviruses in chickens and turkeys

et al. 2011

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Fecal specimens, including swabs and litter extracts, collected from chickens, domestic ducks, turkeys, and Canadian geese were tested using degenerate primers targeting regions encoding for conserved amino acid motifs (YGDD and DY(T/S)(R/K/G)WDST) in calicivirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Similar motifs are also present in other RNA viruses. Two fecal specimens and 18 litter extracts collected from chickens and turkeys yielded RT-PCR products. BLAST search and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all amplicons represented picornaviruses that clustered into two major groups. Four chicken and one turkey samples yielded 250 bp amplicons with 84-91% nucleotide identity to the recently described turkey hepatitis viruses, while 280 and 283 bp amplicons obtained from 11 chicken and 4 turkey samples represented novel picornaviruses with the closest nucleotide identity to kobuviruses (54-61%) and turdiviruses (47-54%). Analysis of 2.2-3.2 kb extended genome sequences including the partial P2 (2C) and complete P3 (3A, 3B (VPg), 3C(pro), and 3D(pol)) regions of selected strains indicated that viruses yielding the 280/283 bp amplicons represent a putative new genus of Picornaviridae. The 3'-non-translated region (NTR) of the turkey hepatitis-like viruses described in this study was significantly longer (641-654 nt) than that of any of the other piconaviruses and included a putative short open reading frame (ORF). In summary, we report the molecular detection of novel picornaviruses that appear to be endemic in both chickens and turkeys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of novel picornaviruses in chickens and turkeys

et al. 2011

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“…There is documented transmission of marine caliciviruses from contaminated fish scraps to domesticated swine (reviewed in Smith, 2000), and a virus that was first found in a captive snake and described as reptilian calicivirus (RCV) (Smith et al , 1986) was subsequently isolated from marine mammals (Barlough et al , 1998). There is also a known instance of transmission of a calicivirus from prey fish to a white tern ( Gygis alba ) (Poet et al , 1996). Infection of such migratory species provides clear opportunities for spread of viruses to new locations.…”

Section: Marine Rna Virus–host Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA viruses in the sea

et al. 2009

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Viruses are ubiquitous in the sea and appear to outnumber all other forms of marine life by at least an order of magnitude. Through selective infection, viruses influence nutrient cycling, community structure, and evolution in the ocean. Over the past 20 years we have learned a great deal about the diversity and ecology of the viruses that constitute the marine virioplankton, but until recently the emphasis has been on DNA viruses. Along with expanding knowledge about RNA viruses that infect important marine animals, recent isolations of RNA viruses that infect single-celled eukaryotes and molecular analyses of the RNA virioplankton have revealed that marine RNA viruses are novel, widespread, and genetically diverse. Discoveries in marine RNA virology are broadening our understanding of the biology, ecology, and evolution of viruses, and the epidemiology of viral diseases, but there is still much that we need to learn about the ecology and diversity of RNA viruses before we can fully appreciate their contributions to the dynamics of marine ecosystems. As a step toward making sense of how RNA viruses contribute to the extraordinary viral diversity in the sea, we summarize in this review what is currently known about RNA viruses that infect marine organisms.

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“…The influenza A virus strains of these pinniped species are closely related to avian influenza A virus strains. There may be interchange of influenza A viruses between marine mammals and aquatic birds (Webster et al, 1981;Geraci et al, 1982;Hinshaw et al, 1984;Callan et al, 1995;Danner et al, 1998), similar to what has been postulated for calicivirus transmission between birds and marine mammals (Poet et al, 1996). Pacific walrus occasionally consume sea birds (Fay et al, 1990), and many terrestrial walrus haulout sites are adjacent to sea bird colonies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral and Bacterial Serology of Free-Ranging Pacific Walrus

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Seagars

McClave

et al. 2002

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Serum or heparinized plasma samples were obtained between 1994 and 1996 from 20 male and 20 female adult free-ranging Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) from St. Lawrence Island and Round Island, Alaska. Samples were screened for antibodies to some potentially pathogenic bacteria and viruses. No sample had detectable antibody to Brucella spp. Three of 40 (8%) had low antibody titers to Leptospira interrogans serovars. Phocine distemper virus antibodies were not detected. Serologic responses to one or more caliciviruses (San Miguel sea lion virus 12 or vesicular exanthema of swine serotypes E54, F55, G55, 1934B) were detected in 18% (seven of 40) walrus. Antibodies to one or more subtypes of influenza A virus (H10, N2, N3, N5, N6, N7) were detected in 21% (eight of 38). Periodic screening of free-ranging populations for exposure to infectious diseases has become an important component of bio-monitoring programs to facilitate understanding and detecting trends in marine mammal populations.

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Detection of a Non-Cultivatable Calicivirus From the White Tern (Gygis Alba Rothschildi)

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular detection of novel picornaviruses in chickens and turkeys

Molecular detection of novel picornaviruses in chickens and turkeys

RNA viruses in the sea

Viral and Bacterial Serology of Free-Ranging Pacific Walrus

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