Detection and phylogenetic analysis of Human bocavirus in children diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infection

Abozahra, Rania; Abdelhamid, Sarah M.; Khairy, Karim; Baraka, Kholoud

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001243

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…HBoV was found in 9 % of nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from children with acute respiratory tract infection in Alexandria, Egypt [37]. The HBoV-1 was the only genotype detected, suggesting that a single genetic lineage of HBoV is circulating in Egypt [37]. However, in the present study, HBoV-3 was the most abundant genotype which could be due to the difference in samples types.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…The differences in HBoV genotypes abundance may be due to regional differences in viral epidemiology or because not all the studies tested all HBoV genotypes or the lately discovered genotypes (i.e., HBoV-2/4 and HBoV-3) compared to HBoV-1. HBoV was found in 9 % of nasopharyngeal swabs obtained from children with acute respiratory tract infection in Alexandria, Egypt [37]. The HBoV-1 was the only genotype detected, suggesting that a single genetic lineage of HBoV is circulating in Egypt [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Etiology of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years in Egypt: a high incidence of human bocavirus

Rizk

Abd-Elmaksoud

Farid

et al. 2021

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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Background Human bocavirus (HBoV) is globally distributed and associated with respiratory and enteric infections. Limited data are available about the incidence of HBoV in Egyptian children. We aimed to investigate the association of HBoV genotypes in children with diarrheal disease and also to determine the possibility of HBoV co-infections with other human enteric pathogens. Methods A total of 102 stool samples were collected from children under five years old with diarrhea. Samples were analyzed for the presence of HBoV by real-time PCR. HBoV positive samples were tested for adenovirus (AdV), rotavirus (RoV), parasitic helminths, and enteric protozoa. Results HBoV was detected in 58% of examined cases. HBoV-3 was the most prevalent genotype observed (44%; 45 of 102), followed by HBoV-2/4 (33%; 34 of 102) and HBoV-1 (30%; 31 of 102). Although the incidence of HBoV was higher in males (66.6%; 34 of 51) than females (49%; 25 of 51), the analysis showed no significant difference for HBoV between genders. The average HBoV concentrations were 5.3 × 104 GC/g in males and 1.03 × 105 GC/g in females. Among the HBoV-positive samples, the single infection of HBoV was 52.5% (31/59), while the co-infections with multiple viruses were found in 1.7% (1/59) for HBoV and AdV, 33.9% (20/59) for HBoV and RoV, and 11.9% (7/59) for HBoV, and RoV and AdV. No co-infection with parasitic helminths or enteric protozoa was found. Conclusions The single infection of HBoV in some children suffering from acute gastroenteritis indicated that HBoV could be the main etiologic agent of the disease. The study highlights the high incidence of HBoVs genotypes with remarkable multiple co-infections in the pre-school children in Egypt.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Etiology of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years in Egypt: a high incidence of human bocavirus

Rizk

Abd-Elmaksoud

Farid

et al. 2021

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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“…When country-specific data is considered, a Croatian study revealed a high rate of HBoV1 among infants and small children with lower respiratory tract infection that required hospitalization (i.e., 23.1% of those with proven viral aetiology) ( 98 ), while the other study showed that two thirds of HBoV positive patients were between 1 and 3 years of age ( 99 ). In Egypt, the prevalence of HBoV in nasopharyngeal swabs taken from children with acute respiratory tract infection was 9.3% ( 100 ). Furthermore, HBoV was detected in 1.9% of the patients in Kuwait, with a peak incidence among children <1 year of age, as well as the predominance of HBoV-1 genotype ( 101 ).…”

Section: An Overview and Global Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnostic approach is another hurdle. Due to the difficulties in replicating the virus in cell cultures, and the fact that the serology of bocavirus is complicated by the phenomenon known as the “original antigenic sin,” the diagnosis of HBoV infection is almost exclusively based on molecular detection methods ( 93 , 97 , 100 ). Most laboratories currently use in-house PCR and real-time PCR assays targeting the NP-1, NS-1 or VP1/2 gene, but other nucleic acid-based detection methods for the diagnosis of HBoV have also been described ( 114 ).…”

Section: An Overview and Global Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Coronaviruses and Other Neglected Respiratory Viruses: A Global Perspective and a Local Snapshot

Ljubin‐Sternak

Meštrović

Lukšić

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Respiratory viral infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world; however, there are several groups of viruses that are insufficiently routinely sought for, and can thus be considered neglected from a diagnostic and clinical standpoint. Timely detection of seasonality of certain respiratory viruses (e.g., enveloped viruses such as seasonal coronaviruses) in the local context can aid substantially in targeted and cost-effective utilization of viral diagnostic approaches. For the other, non-enveloped and year-round viruses (i.e., rhinovirus, adenovirus, and bocavirus), a continuous virological diagnosis needs to be implemented in clinical laboratories to more effectively address the aetiology of respiratory infections, and assess the overall impact of these viruses on disease burden. While the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still actively unfolding, we aimed to emphasize the persistent role of seasonal coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses and bocaviruses in the aetiology of respiratory infections. Consequently, this paper concentrates on the burden and epidemiological trends of aforementioned viral groups on a global level, but also provides a snapshot of their prevalence patterns in Croatia in order to underscore the potential implications of viral seasonality. An overall global prevalence in respiratory tract infections was found to be between 0.5 and 18.4% for seasonal coronaviruses, between 13 and 59% for rhinoviruses, between 1 and 36% for human adenoviruses, and between 1 and 56.8% for human bocaviruses. A Croatian dataset on patients with respiratory tract infection and younger than 18 years of age has revealed a fairly high prevalence of rhinoviruses (33.4%), with much lower prevalence of adenoviruses (15.6%), seasonal coronaviruses (7.1%), and bocaviruses (5.3%). These insights represent a relevant discussion point in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic where the testing of non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses has been limited in many settings, making the monitoring of disease burden associated with other respiratory viruses rather difficult.

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“…Currently, four genotypes have been identified worldwide (HBoV1, HBoV2, HBoV3 and HBoV4). In the MENA Region, HBoV1 is the most prominent reported genotype and is mainly associated with respiratory diseases [20,28]. However, HBoV1 was rarely detected in stool samples [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Human Bocavirus in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic Review

2021

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The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of studying newly emerging viruses that cause respiratory illnesses. Human bocavirus (HBoV) is one of the relatively newly discovered viruses that has been detected worldwide and causes respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, mainly in pediatric patients. However, little is known about the pathogenicity and evolution of HBoV. This systematic review was initiated to clarify the prevalence and circulating genotypes of HBoV in both respiratory and stool samples from patients of all age groups in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) from 2005 to February 2021. We performed an electronic search through Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Mendeley and Cochrane Library databases. We included all studies reporting the detection rate of HBoV in the MENA region. Data were extracted, and the quality of the included articles was assessed. We included articles containing data on HBoV only or with other respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infections. Review articles, case studies, and animal and environmental studies were excluded. The final number of articles included in this study was 65 articles. The results showed that the HBoV prevalence in children was the lowest in Iran (0%) and the highest in Egypt (56.8%). In adults, the lowest and the highest prevalence were reported in Iran, with values of 0% and 6.6%, respectively. Regarding the respiratory cases, our findings revealed no significant difference between HBoV prevalence among the tested categories (p-value = 0.998). The present study has shown that HBoV is common in children and adults in the MENA region. This systematic review highlights the need for more data on the role of coinfection of HBoV and other viruses, for instance, SARS-CoV-2 in children with acute bronchiolitis.

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Detection and phylogenetic analysis of Human bocavirus in children diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Etiology of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years in Egypt: a high incidence of human bocavirus

Etiology of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years in Egypt: a high incidence of human bocavirus

Seasonal Coronaviruses and Other Neglected Respiratory Viruses: A Global Perspective and a Local Snapshot

Epidemiology of Human Bocavirus in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic Review

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